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中国沙漠 ›› 2024, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (3): 194-201.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2024.00036

• • 上一篇    

戈壁风沙运动及其对下垫面砾石盖度影响的风洞模拟

李悦1(), 王海兵1,2(), 廖承贤1, 张雪1, 华天红1, 闫民杰3   

  1. 1.内蒙古农业大学 内蒙古自治区风沙物理与防沙治沙工程重点实验室,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010018
    2.内蒙古杭锦荒漠生态系统国家定位观测研究站,内蒙古 鄂尔多斯 017400
    3.内蒙古电子信息职业技术学院,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010070
  • 收稿日期:2024-01-28 修回日期:2024-03-05 出版日期:2024-05-20 发布日期:2024-06-11
  • 通讯作者: 王海兵
  • 作者简介:王海兵(E-mail: hbwang@imau.edu.cn
    李悦(1999─),女,内蒙古赤峰人,硕士研究生,主要从事荒漠化防治研究。E-mail: ly52366@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(42261002);高校青年科技英才项目(NJYT22039);内蒙古自治区高等学校创新团队项目(NMGIRT2408)

Wind tunnel simulation of gobi sand movement and its effect on gravel cover age of underlying surface

Yue Li1(), Haibing Wang1,2(), Chengxian Liao1, Xue Zhang1, Tianhong Hua1, Minjie Yan3   

  1. 1.Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Aeolian Physics and Desertification Engineering,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010018,China
    2.Inner Mongolia Hanggin Desert Ecosystem National Station,Ordos 017400,Inner Mongolia,China
    3.Inner Mongolia Electronic Information Vocational Technical College,Hohhot 010070,China
  • Received:2024-01-28 Revised:2024-03-05 Online:2024-05-20 Published:2024-06-11
  • Contact: Haibing Wang

摘要:

通过风沙环境风洞模拟测定不同风速、不同砾石盖度下戈壁近地表风沙流输沙量、风沙流结构和粒度特征,分析床面砾石盖度在不同风速下的变化规律,揭示戈壁地表风沙运动及其对下垫面砾石盖度变化影响。结果表明:(1)将床面砾石盖度以12%为界分为低、高盖度,低砾石盖度高风速下(18~24 m·s-1) 戈壁地表输沙量随风速变化明显,输沙量曲线出现拐点,呈“象鼻效应”,随风速增加拐点上移,砾石盖度越小输沙廓线曲率越大,相较于高风速,低风速下(6~18 m·s-1)戈壁地表输沙量大小变化不明显,说明低砾石盖度下输沙量变化主要受风速调控,高砾石盖度对风沙流有抑制作用。(2)随床面砾石盖度增加,输沙粒度频率分布曲线有下移趋势,砾石盖度对输沙颗粒频率分布规律影响较小,均表现为单峰分布,只对曲线峰值粒径所占质量百分含量有所影响,说明风速一定时,风沙流中输沙颗粒粒度分布受砾石盖度影响较小。(3)在风沙运动过程中,随作用风速增大,戈壁床面砾石盖度呈线性增加,且二者呈线性强相关,高风速下不同盖度变化量大于低风速下盖度变化量。

关键词: 风洞模拟, 戈壁, 风沙运动, 下垫面, 砾石盖度

Abstract:

In this paper, the wind-sand environment wind tunnel simulation was used to measure the sand transport volume, wind-sand flow structure and particle size characteristics of the near-surface wind-sand flow in the gobi under different wind speeds and different gravel coverages. The variation law of gravel coverage on the bed surface under different wind speeds was analyzed to reveal the wind-sand movement on the gobi surface and its influence on the change of gravel coverage on the underlying surface. The results show that: (1) The bed gravel coverage is divided into low and high coverage with 12% as the boundary. Under low gravel coverage and high wind speed (18-24 m·s-1), the surface sediment transport volume of gobi changes obviously with wind speed, and the inflection point of sediment transport curve appears as " elephant trunk " effect. With the increase of wind speed, the inflection point moves up, and the smaller the gravel coverage, the greater the curvature of sediment transport profile. Compared with high wind speed, the change of surface sediment transport volume of gobi under low wind speed (6-18 m·s-1) is not obvious, indicating that the change of sediment transport volume under low gravel coverage is mainly controlled by wind speed, and high gravel coverage has an inhibitory effect on wind sand flow. (2) With the increase of gravel coverage on the bed surface, the frequency distribution curve of sediment transport particle size has a downward trend. The gravel coverage has little effect on the frequency distribution of sediment transport particles, which shows a single peak distribution and only affects the mass percentage of the peak value of the curve. It shows that when the wind speed is constant, the particle size distribution of sediment transport particles in wind-blown sand flow is less affected by gravel coverage. (3) In the process of wind-sand movement, the gravel coverage of gobi bed increases linearly with the increase of wind speed, and there is a strong linear correlation between them. The variation of different coverage under high wind speed is greater than that under low wind speed.

Key words: wind tunnel simulation, gobi, wind-sand movement, underlying surface, gravel coverage

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