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中国沙漠 ›› 2024, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (4): 57-70.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2024.00025

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20012020年黄河流域水源涵养区植被覆盖变化及其对气候变化和人类活动的响应

杨华庆1(), 朱睿1, 尹振良2,3(), 山建安1, 张薇1, 方春爽1   

  1. 1.兰州交通大学 测绘与地理信息学院/地理国情监测技术应用国家地方联合工程研究中心/甘肃省地理国情监测工程实验室,甘肃 兰州 730000
    2.中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 国家冰川冻土沙漠科学数据中心/干旱区生态安全与可持续发展重点实验室,甘肃 兰州 730000
    3.山东科技大学 安全与环境工程学院,山东 青岛 266000
  • 收稿日期:2023-10-31 修回日期:2024-03-01 出版日期:2024-07-20 发布日期:2024-08-29
  • 通讯作者: 尹振良
  • 作者简介:尹振良(E-mail: yinzhenliang@lzb.ac.cn
    杨华庆(1999—),女,陕西咸阳人,硕士研究生,主要从事生态系统服务功能研究。E-mail: 12222025@stu.lzjtu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(42161018);中国科学院青年创新促进会会员项目(2021424);甘肃省陇原青年创新创业人才(团队)项目(2023);黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展联合研究一期项目(2022-YRUC-01-0601);中国工程院战略研究与咨询重点项目(2023-XZ-80)

Dynamic changes of vegetation in water conservation area of the Yellow River Basin and its response to climate change and human activities during 2001-2020

Huaqing Yang1(), Rui Zhu1, Zhenliang Yin2,3(), Jian'an Shan1, Wei Zhang1, Chunshuang Fang1   

  1. 1.Faculty of Geomatics / National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Technologies and Applications for National Geographic State Monitoring / Gansu Provincial Engineering Laboratory for National Geographic State Monitoring,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730000,China
    2.National Cry-osphere Desert Data Center / Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China
    3.College of Safety and Environmental Engineering,Shandong University of Science and Technology,Qingdao 266000,Shandong,China
  • Received:2023-10-31 Revised:2024-03-01 Online:2024-07-20 Published:2024-08-29
  • Contact: Zhenliang Yin

摘要:

植被覆盖变化对黄河流域水源涵养区水源涵养功能和生态环境变化具有重要影响。本文利用Google Earth Engine(GEE)云平台,选取2001—2020年MODIS数据,采用一元线性回归和Hurst指数分析研究区植被覆盖时空变化,并基于地理探测器和Pearson偏相关分析探究各因子对植被覆盖空间分布的影响。结果表明:2001—2020年,研究区植被指数(NDVI)总体呈现波动上升趋势,多年平均NDVI值为0.42,增长速率为0.023/10a,NDVI具有显著的区域差异,整体表现为由东南向西北递减。2001—2020年间植被覆盖呈现改善趋势面积(82.47%)大于退化趋势面积(4.97%),未来持续性改善面积(62.63%)大于持续性不变(5.78%)和持续性退化(3.69%)面积,说明植被覆盖度将继续保持增长趋势。降水量对NDVI空间分布影响力最大,达到0.502,其次为相对湿度(0.418)、高程(0.374);降水量(77.16%)、气温(71.82%)与NDVI空间分布正相关,日照时数(77.94%)、相对湿度(62.70%)与NDVI空间分布负相关。NDVI变化受气候变化和人类活动共同影响,气候暖湿化和人类活动导致的低NDVI土地利用类型向高NDVI土地利用类型转移共同促进了植被覆盖向好发展。该研究有助于厘清研究区植被覆盖时空变化及其影响因素。

关键词: NDVI变化, 影响因子, 黄河流域水源涵养区, 地理探测器, Hurst指数

Abstract:

Vegetation cover change has an important impact on water conservation function and ecological environment change in the water conservation area of the Yellow River Basin. Based on Google Earth Engine (GEE) cloud platform, MODIS data from 2001 to 2020 were selected to analyze the spatial-temporal changes of vegetation cover in the study area by one-dimensional linear regression and Hurst index. The effects of various factors on the spatial distribution of vegetation cover were explored based on geodetector and Pearson partial correlation analysis. The results showed as follows: (1) From 2001 to 2020, NDVI in the study area showed a fluctuating upward trend. The annual average NDVI value was 0.42, and the growth rate was 0.023·every decade. NDVI showed significant regional differences, decreasing from southeast to northwest. (2) From 2001 to 2020, the area with improvement trend (82.47%) was larger than the area with degradation trend (4.97%), and the area with future continuous improvement (62.63%) was larger than the area with no change (5.78%) and the area with continuous degradation (3.69%), indicating that the vegetation coverage will continue to maintain an increasing trend. (3) Annual precipitation had the greatest influence on the spatial distribution of NDVI, reaching 0.502, followed by relative humidity (0.418) and altitude (0.374). Precipitation (77.16%) and air temperature (71.82%) were positively correlated with NDVI spatial distribution, while sunshine hours (77.94%) and relative humidity (62.70%) were negatively correlated with NDVI spatial distribution. (4) The change of NDVI is jointly affected by climate change and human activities, and the shift from low NDVI land use types to high NDVI land use types caused by climate warming and human activities jointly promote the better development of vegetation cover. This study is helpful to clarify the temporal and spatial changes of vegetation cover and its influencing factors in the study area.

Key words: NDVI changes, influence factor, Yellow River basin water conservation area, geographical detector, Hurst index

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