img

官方微信

高级检索

中国沙漠 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (5): 371-380.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2026.00087

• • 上一篇    

荒漠植物功能性状权衡及其生态适应意义研究进展

许正强1(), 慕彪彪2, 王兰兰1, 苑力辉1, 姚瑞1   

  1. 1.兰州植物园,甘肃 兰州 730070
    2.兰州市生态林业试验总场,甘肃 兰州 730085
  • 收稿日期:2026-06-12 修回日期:2026-07-28 出版日期:2026-09-20 发布日期:2026-11-02
  • 作者简介:许正强(1970—),男,甘肃镇原人,学士,高级工程师,主要从事园林植物栽培应用研究等。E-mail: xzq006@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    甘肃省林业和草原科技创新项目(2026-35)

Functional trait trade-offs and their ecological significance in desert plants: a review

Zhengqiang Xu1(), Biaobiao Mu2, Lanlan Wang1, Lihui Yuan1, Rui Yao1   

  1. 1.Lanzhou Botanic Garden,Lanzhou 730070,China
    2.Lanzhou Experimental Center of Ecological Forestry,Lanzhou 730085,China
  • Received:2026-06-12 Revised:2026-07-28 Online:2026-09-20 Published:2026-11-02

摘要:

荒漠植物长期处于水分亏缺、土壤贫瘠、高温强光、盐分胁迫和风沙扰动等复合环境中,其生态适应并非由单一性状决定,而是叶片、根系、茎干水力和碳分配储存等多类功能性状协同调节与权衡优化的结果。本文围绕荒漠植物功能性状体系及其生态功能,综述叶片资源获取与资源保守、根系水分获取与养分获取、水力效率与水力安全、光合碳获取与蒸腾失水、地上生长与地下投入,以及生长、防御与储存等主要权衡机制。荒漠植物通过小叶厚叶、深根或二型根系、高水力安全、气孔调节和非结构性碳水化合物储存等性状组合,在短期资源利用和长期生存风险之间形成动态平衡。功能性状权衡不仅有助于解释荒漠植物抗旱适应和物种共存机制,也可用于预测气候变化背景下荒漠植被变化,并为固沙植物筛选与植被恢复提供性状导向的理论依据。未来研究需加强整株性状网络、复合胁迫、长期动态、干旱—复水循环和恢复应用研究,推动荒漠植物功能性状研究由相关性描述转向机制验证和生态应用。

关键词: 荒漠植物, 功能性状, 性状权衡, 抗旱适应, 水力安全, 碳储存, 植被恢复

Abstract:

Desert plants are exposed to chronic water limitation, nutrient-poor soils, intense radiation, high temperature, salinity and wind disturbance. Their ecological adaptation is not determined by a single trait, but by the coordinated regulation and trade-offs among leaf traits, root traits, stem hydraulic traits, and carbon allocation and storage traits. This review summarizes the functional trait system of desert plants and discusses the major trade-off mechanisms, including leaf resource acquisition versus conservation, root water acquisition versus nutrient acquisition, hydraulic efficiency versus safety, photosynthetic carbon gain versus transpirational water loss, aboveground growth versus belowground investment, and growth-defense-storage allocation. Desert plants achieve dynamic balance between short-term resource use and long-term survival risks through trait combinations such as small and thick leaves, deep or dimorphic root systems, high hydraulic safety, stomatal regulation and non-structural carbohydrate storage. These trade-offs provide a mechanistic basis for understanding drought adaptation and species coexistence in desert communities, predicting vegetation responses to climate change, and guiding trait-based selection of sand-fixing species and vegetation restoration. Future studies should emphasize whole-plant trait networks, combined stress experiments, long-term dynamics, drought-rewatering cycles and restoration applications, so as to move from correlation-based descriptions toward mechanistic validation and ecological application.

Key words: desert plants, functional traits, trait trade-off, drought adaptation, hydraulic safety, carbon storage, vegetation restoration

中图分类号: