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中国沙漠 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (5): 415-424.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2026.00064

• • 上一篇    

地下水对柠条( Caragana korshinskii )、油蒿( Artemisia ordosica )光合蒸腾日动态的影响

赵自强1(), 南益聪2,3, 韩高玲2,3, 柳小妮1, 石亚飞1(), 张志山2, 霍建强2   

  1. 1.甘肃农业大学 草业学院,甘肃 兰州 730070
    2.中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 沙坡头沙漠研究试验站,甘肃 兰州 730000
    3.中国科学院大学,北京 100049
  • 收稿日期:2025-10-26 修回日期:2026-05-06 出版日期:2026-09-20 发布日期:2026-11-02
  • 通讯作者: 石亚飞
  • 作者简介:赵自强(2002—),男,甘肃永靖人,硕士研究生,研究方向为生态学。E-mail: 19944159132@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(U23A20223)

Effects of groundwater on diurnal photosynthetic and transpiration dynamics of Caragana korshinskii and Artemisia ordosica

Ziqiang Zhao1(), Yicong Nan2,3, Gaoling Han2,3, Xiaoni Liu1, Yafei Shi1(), Zhishan Zhang2, Jianqiang Huo2   

  1. 1.College of Pratacultural Science,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China
    2.Shapotou Desert Research and Experiment Station,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China
    3.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China
  • Received:2025-10-26 Revised:2026-05-06 Online:2026-09-20 Published:2026-11-02
  • Contact: Yafei Shi

摘要:

干旱荒漠区生态系统中,土壤水分是限制植被生长与生态功能的关键因子,植物气体交换过程对水分状况及气候变化高度敏感,但其日尺度碳水耦合调控机制仍不明确。本研究以典型固沙灌木柠条锦鸡儿(Caragana korshinskii)和油蒿(Artemisia ordosica)为对象,设置有地下水和无地下水两种处理,系统监测叶片净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度、叶片水势及环境因子的日变化特征,并分析其调控机制。结果表明:两种灌木的光合和蒸腾速率在日尺度上均呈现典型“双峰型”变化,表现出明显的光合“午休”现象。地下水补给显著提高了两种植物的光合和蒸腾能力。在有地下水条件下,柠条与油蒿的单位叶面积日光合碳同化量(PnDL)分别为67.9、73.7 g·m-2,日蒸腾量(TrDL)分别为44.3、39.9 kg·m-2,均显著高于无地下水条件。土壤水分、气温及饱和蒸气压亏缺是驱动光合日变化的主要环境因子。两种灌木在碳获取与水分消耗之间表现出不同的权衡策略。柠条具有较高的气孔导度和蒸腾速率,但水分利用效率相对较低,表现为通过增强气孔开放和蒸腾以促进碳同化的趋利型策略;而油蒿在较低气孔导度和蒸腾水平下维持较高的水分利用效率,呈现保守型水分利用策略。该碳水耦合策略的差异反映了两种物种对干旱环境的不同适应途径,对干旱区植被恢复的稳定性与生态系统适应能力具有重要意义。

关键词: 地下水补给, 气体交换, 日变化, 柠条, 油蒿

Abstract:

In arid desert ecosystems, soil moisture is a key factor limiting vegetation growth and ecosystem functioning, and plant gas exchange is highly sensitive to water status and climatic variation; however, the mechanisms underlying diurnal carbon water coupling remain insufficiently understood. In this study, two typical sand-fixing shrubs, Caragana korshinskii and Artemisia ordosica, were selected as target species, and two treatments, under groundwater and non-groundwater conditions, were established. Diurnal variations in leaf net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, leaf water potential, and environmental factors were systematically monitored, and their regulatory mechanisms were analyzed. The results showed that both shrubs exhibited a typical bimodal diurnal pattern in photosynthesis and transpiration, with a pronounced midday depression of photosynthesis. Groundwater supply significantly enhanced the photosynthetic capacity and transpiration rate of both species. Under groundwater conditions, daily photosynthetic carbon assimilation per unit leaf area (PnDL) of C. korshinskii and A. ordosica reached 67.9 and 73.7 g CO2·m-2, respectively, while daily transpiration per unit leaf area (TrDL) reached 44.3 and 39.9 kg H2O·m-2, respectively, all of which were significantly higher than those under non-groundwater conditions. Soil moisture, air temperature, and vapor pressure deficit were identified as the main environmental factors driving diurnal photosynthetic variation. Further analysis showed that the two shrubs adopted distinct trade-off strategies between carbon gain and water consumption. C. korshinskii showed relatively high stomatal conductance and transpiration rate but comparatively low water-use efficiency, indicating an “opportunistic” strategy characterized by enhanced stomatal opening and transpiration to promote carbon assimilation. In contrast, A. ordosica maintained relatively high water-use efficiency under lower stomatal conductance and transpiration levels, exhibiting a “conservative” water-use strategy. These differences in carbon-water coupling strategies reflect distinct adaptive pathways of the two species to arid environments and provide important implications for vegetation restoration stability and ecosystem adaptability in arid regions.

Key words: gas exchange, groundwater supply, diurnal variation, Caragana korshinskii, Artemisia ordosica

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