科尔沁沙地2000—2008年农业生产技术效率研究——以通辽市各旗县为例

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 基于数据包络分析方法对通辽市各旗县2000—2008年农业生产技术效率进行综合评价。结果表明:①通辽市农业生产技术效率整体上较低,但呈逐年上升的趋势。②通辽市各旗县农业生产技术效率的时空差异明显,霍林郭勒和开鲁县的农业生产技术效率表现为先降低后上升;库伦旗和科尔沁左翼中旗农业生产技术效率表现为持续上升;科尔沁左翼后旗、扎鲁特旗和奈曼旗的农业生产技术效率表现为随时间呈现一定波动性;各旗县中奈曼旗年均效率最高。③通辽市农业生产技术效率主要受投入冗余影响,各旗县均存在降水冗余,反映出当地农业生产投入的盲目性。降水的波动性和不确定性导致灌溉用水、耕地面积投入过多,进而影响了各旗县农业生产技术效率。不同旗县在不同年份的投入冗余有所差异,显示农民应对降水变动的措施也具有一定盲目性。建议针对气候的不确定性对农业生产的干扰展开研究,改进农业生产技术。

关键词: 科尔沁, 数据包络分析, 农业可持续, 农业生产技术效率

Abstract: Agricultural production technical efficiency in seven counties of Tongliao City from 2000 to 2008 was evaluated based on data envelopment analysis method. Results showed that:(1) The agricultural production technical efficiency in Tongliao City was generally low, but it increased continuously from 2000 to 2008. (2) The agricultural production technical efficiency was significantly different among the seven counties in both temporal and special dimensions. In Huolinguole and Kailu, the agricultural production technical efficiency decreased before 2004 and then increased after 2004. In Kulun and Horqin Left Wing Middle Banner, the agricultural production technical efficiency increased all along. In other counties, including Horqin Left Wing Rear Banner, Jarud Banner and Naiman Banner, the agricultural production technical efficiency had great fluctuations. (3) The agricultural production input redundancy, especially precipitation redundancy, had impacts on agricultural production technical efficiency in Tongliao City. To deal with the impact of the climate uncertainty, more and more irrigation water and irrigated land was input into agricultural production, which leaded to lower agricultural production technical efficiency. The agricultural production input redundancy is quite different among these counties. More attention should be paid on research of the influence of climate uncertainty on the agricultural production and the improvement of agricultural production technology.

Key words: Horqin Sandy Land, Data Envelopment Analysis, agricultural sustainability, agricultural production technical efficiency

中图分类号:

F304

葛小东, 黄超, 叶青. 科尔沁沙地2000—2008年农业生产技术效率研究——以通辽市各旗县为例[J]. 中国沙漠, 2012, 32(5): 1457-1462.

GE Xiao-dong, HUANG Chao, YE Qing. Agricultural Production Technical Efficiency in Horqin Sandy Land during 2000-2008:
A case study in Tongliao[J]. JOURNAL OF DESERT RESEARCH, 2012, 32(5): 1457-1462.

参考文献

[1]常学礼,赵学勇,韩珍喜,等.科尔沁沙地自然与人为因素对沙漠化影响的累加效应分析[J].中国沙漠,2005,25(4):466-471.

[2]张力小.中国北方农牧交错带农牧业选择适宜性分析[J].水土保持研究,2007,14(5):46-50.

[3]张琦锋,李振山,王涛.中国北方农牧业生产模型及应用[J].中国沙漠,2007,27(1):40-45.

[4]葛小东,李振山,倪晋仁.科尔沁地区农业生产及其可持续发展定量分析[J].中国沙漠,2006,26(5):722-728.

[5]曹生奎,冯起,司建华,等.植物水分利用效率研究方法综述[J].中国沙漠,2009,29(5):853-857.

[6]张铜会,赵学勇.沙地不同施肥量对玉米产量形成的影响[J].中国沙漠,1999,19(Suppl.1):124-126.

[7]肖生春,肖洪浪,段争虎.干旱沙漠地区春小麦的水分与氮肥利用效率研究[J].中国沙漠,2004,24(3):360-364.

[8]姜冯清,田长彦.新疆典型地区主要农业资源利用效率分析[J].资源科学,2001,23(2):65-69.

[9]Li F,Zhao S,Gballe G.Water use patterns and agronomic performance for some cropping systems with and without fallow crops in a semi-arid environment of northwest China[J].Agriculture,Ecosystem and Environment,2000,79:129-142.

[10]王勇,肖洪浪,陆明峰.张掖市国民经济用水的投入产出分析[J].中国沙漠,2008,28(6):1197-1201.

[11]马国军,林栋,刘君娣,等.基于多目标分析的石羊河流域水资源优化配置研究[J].中国沙漠,2008,28(1):191-194.

[12]张燕,徐建华,吕光辉.西北干旱区新疆水资源足迹及利用效率动态评估[J].中国沙漠,2008,28(4):775-780.

[13]彭飞,王涛,薛娴.基于RUE的人类活动对沙漠化地区植被影响研究——以科尔沁地区为例[J].中国沙漠,2010,30(4): 896-902.

[14]Samuelson P A,Nordhaus W D.经济学[M].萧琛主译.北京:人民邮电出版社,2008.

[15]Farrell M J.The measurement of product ion efficiency[J].Journal of Royal Statistical Society,1957,120(3):253-281.

[16]魏权龄.数据包络分析[M].北京:科学出版社,2004.

[17]侯翔,马占新,赵春英.数据包络分析模型评述与分类[J].内蒙古大学学报,2010,41(5):583-593.