img

官方微信

高级检索

中国沙漠 ›› 2013, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (4): 1048-1053.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2013.001048

• 生物与土壤 • 上一篇    下一篇

温度和光照对3种雀麦属(Bromus)植物种子萌发的影响

周志彬1,2, 张元明1, ROBERT S. Nowak3, LILIYA Dimeyeva4   

  1. 1.中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 中国科学院干旱区生物地理与生物资源重点实验室, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830011;
    2.中国科学院大学, 北京 100049;
    3.Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, University of Nevada-Reno, Reno 89557, USA;
    4.Institute of Botany and Phytointroduction, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
  • 收稿日期:2012-12-19 修回日期:2013-04-09 出版日期:2013-07-20 发布日期:2013-04-09

Effects of Temperature and Light on Seed Germination of Three Bromus Species

ZHOU Zhi-bin1,2, ZHANG Yuan-ming1, ROBERT S. Nowak3, LILIYA Dimeyeva4   

  1. 1.Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bio-resource in Arid Land, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China;
    2.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
    3.Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, University of Nevada-Reno, Reno 89557, USA;
    4.Institute of Botany and Phytointroduction, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
  • Received:2012-12-19 Revised:2013-04-09 Online:2013-07-20 Published:2013-04-09

摘要:

旱雀麦(Bromus tectorum)原产于欧亚大陆,18世纪传入北美,并成为该地区的入侵植物。然而,同为雀麦属的扁穗雀麦(Bromus catharticus)和无芒雀麦(Bromus inermis)并不具有旱雀麦的入侵性。本研究设置高温、低温和黑暗等处理,探讨温度和光照对3种植物种子萌发的影响,旨在从种子萌发的角度揭示旱雀麦的入侵性。结果表明:温度和光照对旱雀麦和扁穗雀麦种子的发芽率均无明显影响(p>0.05);高温和黑暗处理显著提高了无芒雀麦种子的发芽率(p<0.05),对旱雀麦、扁穗雀麦和无芒雀麦种子的发芽势、发芽指数、日均发芽率、发芽系数、发芽峰值和发芽值有一定的促进作用,而低温处理则表现出相反的效应;高温和黑暗处理对3种植物种子的平均发芽天数和萌发持续时间有一定降低的作用,而低温处理则表现出相反的效应。同一处理下旱雀麦种子萌发各项指标均优于另两种植物,这可能是旱雀麦具有较强入侵性的重要原因。

关键词: 旱雀麦(Bromus tectorum), 扁穗雀麦(Bromus catharticus), 无芒雀麦(Bromus inermis), 温度, 光照, 种子萌发

Abstract:

Bromus tectorum originated from Eurasia continent and became an invasive species one hundred years ago through contaminated grains. By contrast, the other two species of Bromus, B. catharticus and B. inermis, do not present the similar invasiveness as B. tectorum. In this paper, the differences of seed germination of the three species were studied in aims of finding out whether seed germination activities could influence invasive process. We settled series of gradients of temperature and light on seed germination of the tested species. The results showed that the effect of temperature and light on seed germination rate of Bromus tectorum and Bromus catharticus was not significantly different (p>0.05), while the treatment of high temperature and dark significantly improved seed germination rate of Bromus inermis (p<0.05). Some seed germination indices, such as germination energy, germination index, mean daily germination rate, germination coefficient, peak value and germination value of the three tested plants were enhanced by high temperature and dark treatments. The low temperature treatment, however, showed an opposite effect. In addition, the effects of high temperature and darkness treatment on mean length of incubation time and germination period of the three tested plants were shortened, and low temperature treatment showed an opposite effect. Overall, our results showed that high temperature and darkness treatment played a critical role on seed germination of the three Bromus species, and low temperature treatment showed an opposite role. In general, seed germination index of Bromus tectorum were higher than the other two species under the same treatment, which may be an important reason that Bromus tectorum have so strong invasive abilities.

Key words: Bromus tectorum, Bromus catharticus, Bromus inermis, temperature, light, seed germination

中图分类号: