甘肃民勤2001—2010年沙尘暴变化特征及原因分析

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2013.00162

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

根据2001—2010年民勤沙尘暴资料和《中国沙尘天气年鉴》资料,分析了民勤近10年沙尘暴特征。结果表明：近10年民勤以局地性沙尘暴为主;一日中区域性沙尘暴较局地性沙尘暴出现分散且早,区域性沙尘暴4月出现最多,而局地性沙尘暴6月出现最多,区域性沙尘暴春季出现最多,而局地性沙尘暴春季最多,夏季和春季相当,年际均呈现明显减少的趋势;从逐年强沙尘暴次数、平均持续时间、造成的损失等分析,认为沙尘暴强度没有减弱,强沙尘暴强度变化不大。用1971—2010年常规气象观测资料和典型沙尘暴个例探空气象资料分析沙尘暴减少的原因为：一是大风日数减少、平均风速减小;二是当地植被覆盖率逐年提高;三是近地层多暖平流、冷空气活动减弱。

关键词: 沙尘暴, 变化特征, 原因, 民勤

Abstract:

Change characteristics of sandstorm frequency in 2001-2010 over Minqin are analyzed by using meteorological observations data and "China Dust Weather Yearbook" by China Meteorological Administration during 2001-2010. Results show that sandstorms in 2001-2010 over Minqin were mainly local sandstorms; regional sandstorms appeared more separately and earlier than local sandstorms in daytime; the most regional sandstorms occurred in April but local sandstorms the mostly occurred in June; the most regional sandstorms occurred in spring, but the local sandstorms occurred the same in spring as in summer; inter-annual trend was down significantly. Sandstorms intensities did not weaken and the frequency of strong sandstorms did not significantly change by analysis of annually strong sandstorms' frequency, mean lasting time, economic loss caused by sandstorm. From sandstorm real-time surface and sounding data of typical gale-sandstorm cases during 1971-2010 in Minqin, the causes of sandstorm frequency reducing are as followed: decreases in number of gale days and average wind velocity, increase of local vegetation cover year after year, improvement of stabilization in atmospheric boundary layer over surface and middle-lower air, increase of warm advection and weakness of cold air over surface layer

Key words: sandstorm, change characteristics, causes, Minqin

中图分类号:

P445.4

赵明瑞1,2, 闫大同2, 李岩瑛1,3, 张春松2, 胡丽莉2. 甘肃民勤2001—2010年沙尘暴变化特征及原因分析[J]. 中国沙漠, 2013, 33(4): 1144-1149.

ZHAO Ming-rui1,2, YAN Da-tong2, LI Yan-ying1,3, ZHANG Chun-song2, HU Li-li2. Change Characteristics of Sandstorm Frequency and Its Causes in 2001-2010 over Minqin, Gansu, China[J]. JOURNAL OF DESERT RESEARCH, 2013, 33(4): 1144-1149.

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