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中国沙漠 ›› 2017, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (6): 1210-1218.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2016.00058

• 天气与气候 • 上一篇    下一篇

河西走廊入口区下垫面对沙尘天气影响的模拟研究

李丹华1,2, 隆霄1, 温晓培1,3, 江颖1, 孟晓文1   

  1. 1. 兰州大学 大气科学学院, 甘肃 兰州 730000;
    2. 西北区域气候中心, 甘肃 兰州 730020;
    3. 山东省气象科学研究所, 山东 济南 250031
  • 收稿日期:2016-04-08 修回日期:2016-05-16 出版日期:2017-11-20 发布日期:2017-11-20
  • 通讯作者: 隆霄(E-mail:longxiao@lzu.edu.cn)
  • 作者简介:李丹华(1991-),女,甘肃民乐人,助理工程师,主要从事陆面过程研究。E-mail:18093184011@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(41330527,41225018,40975060)

Influence of Underlying Surface on Dust Weatherin the Entrance of the Hexi Corridor

Li Danhua1,2, Long Xiao1, Wen Xiaopei1,3, Jiang Yin1, Meng Xiaowen1   

  1. 1. College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China;
    2. Northwest Regional Climate Center, Lanzhou 730020, China;
    3. Shandong Provincial Institute of Meteorology, Jinan 250031, China
  • Received:2016-04-08 Revised:2016-05-16 Online:2017-11-20 Published:2017-11-20

摘要: 在利用常规观测资料统计分析2000—2011年和沙尘天气多发年河西走廊入口区代表站点春季风速分布特征的基础上,采用区域气候模式(Regcm4.3.5.6)和欧洲中心更新的4DVar同化的ERA-interim资料,分析了河西走廊入口区下垫面类型改变对2007年4月13日一次沙尘天气过程的影响。结果表明:沙尘暴爆发时,河西走廊为风速大值区,风速8~10 m·s-1;区域气候模式模拟的沙尘特征量与站点观测的沙尘天气分布对比发现,模拟的沙尘区的发展变化能较好地表征这次沙尘天气过程的变化;河西走廊入口区植被由沙漠改为落叶阔叶林后,发生沙尘天气时该地区风速有所减小,减小平均值为3 m·s-1,且风速越大,减小越明显。不同粒径沙尘的起沙率和沙尘粒子柱含量对下垫面类型改变的响应有所不同,减小量最大分别达到-50 mg·m-2·d-1和-50 mg·m-2,0.01~5.0 μm粒径沙尘减小范围和强度相差不大,5.0~20 μm粒径沙尘由于粒径最大减小最明显,由于模式中考虑的2.5~5.0 μm粒径沙尘在大气中所占比例小,减小量级和范围最弱。改变下垫面类型使得起沙率和沙尘粒子柱含量在沙尘天气最强时刻减少最显著。

关键词: 沙尘天气, 河西走廊, 地表覆盖改变, 起沙率, 沙尘粒子柱含量

Abstract: Based on the analysis of wind speed distribution characteristics in spring during 2000-2011 and the dust weather years in the entrance of Hexi Corridor by usingmeteorological data. Using Regional climate model (Regcm4.3.5.6)and European Center Update 4DVar assimilated ERA-interim data, we analyzed the influence of the change of vegetation cover in the entrance of Hexi Corridor during a dust weather on April 13, 2007.The result shows during the sandstorm outbreak, the Hexi Corridor is a large area of wind speed, and the wind speed is 8-10 m·s-1; The dust characteristics of the regional climate model simulation are compared with the dust weather distribution observed by the site, the development of simulated sand dust zone can better describe the change of dust weather process; The surface cover in the entrance area of Hexi corridor is changed from desert to deciduous coniferous forest. When sand dust weather occurs, the wind speed in this area decreases, and the magnitude decreases by an average of 3 m·s-1 and it's obvious for larger wind speed. The influence of surface cover change on different particle sizes is different, and the largest reduction of dust emission rate and column content reaches -50 mg·m-2·d-1, -50 mg·m-2, and it has similar characters of reduction for 0.01-5.0 μm; The reduction of 5.0-20 μm is the most obvious due to the largest particle size, the decrement of dust emission rate and burden is significant when the duststorm reached its strongest phase.

Key words: dust weather, Hexi Corridor, surface cover change, sand emission rate, sand column content

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