Effects of desert biological soil crusts succession on microbial community structure and soil enzyme activities

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2022.00121

Journal of Desert Research ›› 2023, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (3): 178-187.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2022.00121

Effects of desert biological soil crusts succession on microbial community structure and soil enzyme activities

Shengnan Zhang(), Haiyan Gao, Deren Yan(), Haiguang Huang

Hunshandake Sandy Land Ecosystem Research Station，Inner Mongolia Academy of Forestry，Hohhot 010010，China

Received:2022-05-13 Revised:2022-08-15 Online:2023-05-20 Published:2023-05-31
Contact: Deren Yan

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to understand the characteristics of microbial community structure and soil enzyme activities during the succession of biocrusts， biocrusts of differnt succession stages （CK， A30， AM30， and M30） in Hobq desert， China， was chosen as study objects， bacterial community structure， nitrogen-fixing bacterial community structure and fungal community structure in bioctrusts were sequenced via the high-throughput sequencing platform， biocrusts enzymatic activities were measured， and how biocrusts affect soil microbial community structure and enzyme activities were discussed. The results showed that the dominant bacteria changed from Cyanobacteria （CK： 36.1%， A30： 46.9%， AM30： 30.7%） to Proteobacteria （M30： 36.2%） as the succession level increased of biocrusts. The dominant nitrogen-fixing bacterial changed from Scytonema （A30： 80.2%） to Skermanella （M30： 60.6%）， the relatively abundance of Basidiomycota （A30： 1.0%， AM30： 5.0%， M30： 13.5%） gradually increased as the positive succession of biocrusts. The unique OTUs of bacterial， nitrogen-fixing bacterial and fungi in M30 significant increased 1.8-8.3 times， 1.9-33.0 times and 1.8-33.0 times compared with CK， A30 and AM30， respectively. The order of increasing microbial diversity in positive succession of biocrusts was nitrogen-fixing bacterial>bacterial>fungi. The exaltation of soil mibrobial diversity significantly enhanced soil cellulase， sucrase and urease activities involved in carbon and nitrogen cycling （P<0.05）. In conclusion， the soil microbial community structure and enzyme activities gradually improved as the succession level increase of desert biological soil crusts.

Key words: desert, biological soil crusts, microbial community, nitrogen-fixing bacterial, enzyme activity

CLC Number:

S154.4

Shengnan Zhang, Haiyan Gao, Deren Yan, Haiguang Huang. Effects of desert biological soil crusts succession on microbial community structure and soil enzyme activities[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2023, 43(3): 178-187.

Figures/Tables 12

Table 1 Characteristics of soil enzyme activities at different succession stage

样地	纤维素酶 /(mg·d^-1·g^-1）	蔗糖酶 /(mg·d^-1·g^-1）	脲酶 /(mg·d^-1·g^-1）	脱氢酶 /(μg·d^-1·g^-1）	过氧化氢酶 /(mg·d^-1·g^-1）
对照（CK）	0.96±0.04^b	7.99±0.85^c	12.01±0.72^c	5.30±0.43^c	26.55±0.54^d
藻结皮（A30）	1.59±0.19^a	26.38±0.07^a	14.05±1.00^b	15.95±1.54^a	35.91±0.54^a
藻藓混生结皮（AM30）	0.97±0.07^b	13.65±2.23^b	14.00±0.72^b	5.44±0.25^c	29.49±0.64^c
藓结皮（M30）	1.62±0.28^a	26.53±0.11^a	17.01±0.56^a	8.28±1.95^b	32.42±0.03^b

Table 2 Alpha diversity indexs

样地	细菌			固氮菌			真菌
样地	Coverage	Shannon	Chao	Coverage	Shannon	Chao	Coverage	Shannon	Chao
对照（CK）	0.991	5.33	1939	0.999	1.85	41	0.998	2.84	421
藻结皮（A30）	0.992	4.90	1809	0.999	1.35	33	0.998	3.49	391
藻藓混生结皮（AM30）	0.991	5.31	2105	0.999	1.71	37	0.998	2.89	419
藓结皮（M30）	0.993	6.06	2103	0.999	2.42	67	0.998	2.70	395

Fig.1 Relative abundance of soil bacteria at phylum level

Fig.2 Venn diagram of soil bacteria at the OTU level

Fig.3 Heatmap of soil enzyme activities and relative abundance of bacteria at genus level

Fig.4 Relative abundance of soil nitrogen-fixing bacteria at order level

Fig.5 Relative abundance of soil nitrogen-fixing bacteria at genus level

Fig.6 Venn diagram of soil nitrogen-fixing bacteria at the OTU level

Fig.7 Heatmap of soil enzyme activities and relative abundance of nitrogen-fixing bacteria at genus level

Fig.8 Relative abundance of soil fungi at phylum level

Fig.9 Venn diagram of soil fungi at the OTU level

Fig.10 Heatmap of soil enzyme activities and relative abundance of fungi at genus level

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Effects of desert biological soil crusts succession on microbial community structure and soil enzyme activities

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