Journal of Desert Research ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (1): 199-208.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2026.00004
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Dengke Ma(
), Wenzhi Zhao(
), Zhibin He
Received:2025-11-23
Revised:2026-01-11
Online:2026-01-20
Published:2026-03-09
Contact:
Wenzhi Zhao
CLC Number:
Dengke Ma, Wenzhi Zhao, Zhibin He. Research progress on vegetation structure in artificial windbreak and sand-fixation ecosystem[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2026, 46(1): 199-208.
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URL: http://www.desert.ac.cn/EN/10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2026.00004
| 指标 | 定义 | 测定/计算方法 |
|---|---|---|
| 株高 | 植物从地面到顶端的高度 | 直接测量、投影测量 |
| 冠幅 | 植物冠层在水平方向上伸展的宽度 | 直接测量、投影测量 |
| 分枝率 | 单位长度内植物主干上形成侧枝的数量 | 计数法 |
| 胸径 | 地面起1.3 m高度处的树干直径 | 立木测定法 |
| 生物量 | 单位面积内的植物干重或鲜重 | 称重法、标准枝法等 |
| 侧影面积 | 植株在迎风方向上的投影面积(不包括枝叶间空隙的投影面积)[ | 数字图像法、高宽法、分段求和法[ |
| 根系结构 | 包括植物根系在土壤中的垂直分布深度及密度等 | 根系分析仪法 |
| 枝下高 | 从地面到树冠最下方一级显著侧枝的垂直高度 | 直接测量、投影测量 |
| 植被盖度 | 单位水平地表面积上的植被地上部垂直投影面积[ | 数字图像法 |
| 叶面积指数 | 单位地面面积上的叶片总表面积[ | 扫描法、传感器法、遥感技术 |
| 疏透度 | 林带纵断面上透光孔隙的投影面积与林带纵断面面积之比[ | 数字图像法 |
| 孔隙度 | 单位面积内林带中未被植物枝叶遮挡的空间比例 | 数字图像法 |
| 株行距 | 同一行内相邻两棵树之间的距离(株距),以及不同行之间或树列之间的距离(行距) | 直接测量法 |
| 林带宽度 | 从林带迎风面到背风面之间的水平距离 | 标准带法 |
| 林带密度 | 单位面积内的植物个体数量 | 计数法 |
| 林带高度 | 林带内树木高度的平均值 | 直接测量、投影测量 |
| 垂直结构层次 | 林带垂直方向上的空间结构和层次分布 | |
| 配置方式 | 防护林在空间上的组织形式 | |
| 带斑比 | 林网在所庇护斑块上的覆被率,体现林带在景观中的丰盛程度[ | 带丰度和斑丰度之比 |
| 连接度 | 林网系统中各林带之间在空间上的联系程度,体现林网的成型状况[ | 林网节点数、林网最多林带连边数的函数[ |
| 环度 | 林网系统中林带在空间上的闭合程度[ | 林网节点数、林网环路数的函数[ |
| 种类组成 | 防护系统中的物种构成及丰富度 | 计数法 |
| 归一化植被指数(NDVI) | 综合反映植被生长状况及生物量的遥感指标[ | 基于遥感影像的近红外反射率(NIR)和红光反射率(Red)计算[ |
Table 1 Main indicators used to characterize vegetation structure in windbreak and sand-fixation ecosystems
| 指标 | 定义 | 测定/计算方法 |
|---|---|---|
| 株高 | 植物从地面到顶端的高度 | 直接测量、投影测量 |
| 冠幅 | 植物冠层在水平方向上伸展的宽度 | 直接测量、投影测量 |
| 分枝率 | 单位长度内植物主干上形成侧枝的数量 | 计数法 |
| 胸径 | 地面起1.3 m高度处的树干直径 | 立木测定法 |
| 生物量 | 单位面积内的植物干重或鲜重 | 称重法、标准枝法等 |
| 侧影面积 | 植株在迎风方向上的投影面积(不包括枝叶间空隙的投影面积)[ | 数字图像法、高宽法、分段求和法[ |
| 根系结构 | 包括植物根系在土壤中的垂直分布深度及密度等 | 根系分析仪法 |
| 枝下高 | 从地面到树冠最下方一级显著侧枝的垂直高度 | 直接测量、投影测量 |
| 植被盖度 | 单位水平地表面积上的植被地上部垂直投影面积[ | 数字图像法 |
| 叶面积指数 | 单位地面面积上的叶片总表面积[ | 扫描法、传感器法、遥感技术 |
| 疏透度 | 林带纵断面上透光孔隙的投影面积与林带纵断面面积之比[ | 数字图像法 |
| 孔隙度 | 单位面积内林带中未被植物枝叶遮挡的空间比例 | 数字图像法 |
| 株行距 | 同一行内相邻两棵树之间的距离(株距),以及不同行之间或树列之间的距离(行距) | 直接测量法 |
| 林带宽度 | 从林带迎风面到背风面之间的水平距离 | 标准带法 |
| 林带密度 | 单位面积内的植物个体数量 | 计数法 |
| 林带高度 | 林带内树木高度的平均值 | 直接测量、投影测量 |
| 垂直结构层次 | 林带垂直方向上的空间结构和层次分布 | |
| 配置方式 | 防护林在空间上的组织形式 | |
| 带斑比 | 林网在所庇护斑块上的覆被率,体现林带在景观中的丰盛程度[ | 带丰度和斑丰度之比 |
| 连接度 | 林网系统中各林带之间在空间上的联系程度,体现林网的成型状况[ | 林网节点数、林网最多林带连边数的函数[ |
| 环度 | 林网系统中林带在空间上的闭合程度[ | 林网节点数、林网环路数的函数[ |
| 种类组成 | 防护系统中的物种构成及丰富度 | 计数法 |
| 归一化植被指数(NDVI) | 综合反映植被生长状况及生物量的遥感指标[ | 基于遥感影像的近红外反射率(NIR)和红光反射率(Red)计算[ |
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