Abstract: In this paper,the correlation between surface water resources and climate for three large regions of Xinjiang was established to study the response of surface water resources to climate change.Conclusions are as follows:(1) The response of surface water resources to climate change obviously has regional features.In northern Xinjiang,positive response of surface water resources to precipitation of hydrological year is main;In southern Xinjiang,positive response of surface water resources to mean temperature from May to September is the first,but positive response to precipitation of the former hydrological year for high mountain area is the second;In eastern Xinjiang,surface water resources responded to hydrological precipitation positively and to mean temperature from May to September negatively,but response to precipitation is more important than that to temperature.(2) When mean precipitation of hydrological year for 8 stations in northern Xinjiang is more or less 10% than normal,the surface water resource is 7.2% more or less than normal.(3) When mean temperature from May to September is in normal for Qincheng meteorological station in eastern Xinjiang,and if precipitation of hydrological year change within 10% for Bayinbuluke meteorological station,the surface water resources for eastern Xinjiang will change by 5.4%;When precipitation is in normal for Bayinbuluke meteorological station,and if mean temperature from May to September for Qincheng meteorological station is 1℃ higher or lower than normal,the surface water resources for eastern Xinjiang will increase or decrease by 8.3%.(4) When mean temperature from May to September for four meteorological station in southern Xinjiang is in normal,and if precipitation of former hydrological year change within 10% for Tashikuergan meteorological station,the surface water resources for southern Xinjiang will change by 1.3%;When precipitation of former hydrological year is in normal,and if mean temperature from May to September for the four stations is 1℃ higher or lower than normal,the surface water resources for southern Xinjiang will increase or decrease by 11.7%.

Key words: Xinjiang, surface water resources, climate change, response