基于自组织理论的巴丹吉林沙漠高大沙山空间分布特征研究

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2014.00046

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 通过最邻近距离法定量描述了巴丹吉林沙漠高大沙山空间分布特征,分析和讨论了巴丹吉林沙漠高大沙山的主要成因和影响因素。结果表明:研究区内高大沙山空间分布的均匀程度整体上呈现出由西向东逐渐增大的趋势,而东南部靠近雅布赖山地区略有降低,最邻近指数R主要分布在1.29~1.63。沙山底面积和沙山绝对高度在空间上同样呈现出由西向东逐渐增大的趋势,但巴丹吉林沙漠高大沙山空间分布均匀程度的发展并不直接受到所在地海拔的影响。巴丹吉林沙漠高大沙山在空间分布上具有较高的自组织特征,而风力作用是塑造和维持巴丹吉林沙漠高大沙山巨大高度与自组织排列特征的主要力量。

关键词: 巴丹吉林沙漠, 最邻近分析, 自组织, 空间分布

Abstract: In the paper, the distribution characteristics of complex mega-dunes in the Badain Jaran Desert are described by the method of nearest neighbor analysis, and the main cause and the influencing factors of the complex mega-dunes are analyzed and deduced. The results show that the change of the nearest neighbor index R, elevation and floor area of complex mega-dunes maintain increasing trend from the west to east in the Badain Jaran Desert, and the R is 1.29-1.63. Correlation analysis shows that the developing of complex mega-dunes about the degree of homogeneity is not affected by the elevation of the interdune in the Badain Jaran Desert. The spatial distribution adheres to self-organization well, and the wind is the main power to make and maintain the complex mage-dunes which have enormous height and self-organization in the Badain Jaran Desert.

Key words: Badain Jaran Desert, nearest neighbor analysis, self-organization, space distribution

中图分类号:

P931.3

李超, 董治宝. 基于自组织理论的巴丹吉林沙漠高大沙山空间分布特征研究[J]. 中国沙漠, 2015, 35(2): 294-300.

Li Chao, Dong Zhibao. Analysis of Spatial Distribution Characteristics for Complex Mega-dunes in the Badain Jaran Desert Based on the Theory of Self-organization[J]. JOURNAL OF DESERT RESEARCH, 2015, 35(2): 294-300.

参考文献

[1] 王涛.巴丹吉林沙漠形成演变的若干问题[J].中国沙漠,1990,20(1):32-43.
[2] 朱震达,吴正,刘恕,等.中国沙漠概论[M].北京:科学出版社,1980:73-75.
[3] 刘桂芳,黄金国,马建华.自组织和地貌演化[J].地理译报,1996,(4):5-11.
[4] 吴彤.自组织方法论研究[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2001:3-10.
[5] 孙庆峰,陈发虎,李孝泽.巴丹吉林沙漠第四纪研究评述与讨论[J].干旱区研究,2008,(2):304-310.
[6] Dong Z B,Wang T,Wang X M,et al.Geomorphology of the megadunes in the Badain Jaran Desert[J].Geomorphology,2004,601:191-203.
[7] 白旸.巴丹吉林沙漠高大沙山的内部结构及形成过程研究[D].兰州:兰州大学,2011.
[8] Mckee E D.A Study of Global Sand Seas[M].Washington,USA:Government Printing Office,1979:12-67.
[9] 闫满存,王光谦,李保生,等.巴丹吉林沙漠高大沙山的形成发育研究[J].地理学报,2001,(1):83-91.
[10] Dong Z B,Qian G Q,Luo W Y,et al.Geomorphological hierarchies for complex mega-dunes and their implications for mega-dune evolution in the Badain Jaran Desert[J].Geomorphology,2009,1063:180-185.
[11] 赵景波,张冲,董治宝,等.巴丹吉林沙漠高大沙山粒度成分与沙山形成[J].地质学报,2011,(8):1389-1398.
[12] Mark A B.Nearest neighbor analysis of mega-barchanoid dunes,Ar Rub'al Khali,sand sea:the application of geographical indices to the understanding of dunefield self-organization,maturity and environmental change[J].Geomorphology,2010,120:186-194.
[13] Mark A B.Point pattern analysisof north polar crescentic dunes,Mars:a geography of dune self-organization[J].Icarus,2007,191:151-157.
[14] 董治宝,苏志珠,钱广强,等.库姆塔格沙漠风沙地貌[M].北京:科学出版社,2011:20-23.
[15] 马宗晋,高庆华.中国第四纪气候变化和未来北方干旱灾害分析[J].第四纪研究,2004,(3):245-251.
[16] 董光荣,王贵勇,王跃,等.中国沙漠形成、演化与青藏高原隆升的关系[C]//中国青藏高原研究会.青藏高原与全球变化研讨会论文集.1994:17.
[17] 王跃,李森,阎满存,等.试论青藏高原隆升对中国沙漠形成演化的影响[J].干旱区研究,1996,(2):20-24.
[18] 宁凯,李卓仑,王乃昂,等.巴丹吉林沙漠地表风积砂粒度空间分布及其环境意义[J].中国沙漠,2013,33(3):642-648.
[19] 张克存,姚正毅,安志山,等.巴丹吉林沙漠及其毗邻地区降水特征及风沙环境分析[J].中国沙漠,2012,32(6):1507-1511.
[20] 邵天杰,赵景波,董治宝.巴丹吉林沙漠沙山粒度组成与沙山地貌分带[J].山地学报,2013,31(4):434-441.
[21] 张振瑜,王乃昂,马宁,等.近40 a巴丹吉林沙漠腹地湖泊面积变化及其影响因素[J].中国沙漠,2012,32(6):1743-1750.
[22] Ma J Z,Li D,Zhang J W,et al.Ground water recharge and cli2 matic change during the last 1 000 years from unsaturated zone of SE Badain Jaran Desert[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2003,48(14):1469-1474.
[23] Edmunds W M,Wright E P.Groundwater recharge and palacoclimate in the Sirte and Kufra basins,Libya[J].Joumal of Hydrology,1979,40:215-241.
[24] 陈建生,汪集旸.试论巴丹吉林沙漠地下水库的发现对西部调水计划的影响[J].水利经济,2004,22(3):28-32.
[25] 陈建生,汪集旸.阿尔金断裂中地下河对北山修建核废物库的不利影响[J].水利经济,2005,23(1):9-13.
[26] Gates J B,Edmunds W M,Darling W G,et al.Conceptual model of recharge to southeastern Badain Jaran Desert groundwater and lakes from environmental tracers[J].Applied Geochemistry,2008,23(12):3519-3534.
[27] Yang X P.Late Quaternary evolution and paleoclimates,Western Alashan Plateau,Inner Mongolia,China[J].Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie,2001,45:1-16.
[28] Yang X P.Evolution of megadunes and lakes in the Badain Desert,Inner Mongolia,China during the last 31,000 years[J].Quaternary International,2003,104:99-112.
[29] 郭永海,王海龙,董建楠,等.关于巴丹吉林沙漠湖泊形成的初步看法[J].地球科学,2012,(2):276-282.
[30] 谭见安.内蒙古阿拉善荒漠的地方类型[J].地理集刊,1964,8:1-31.