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中国沙漠 ›› 2021, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (4): 109-120.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2021.00041

• • 上一篇    

毛乌素沙地不同类型生物结皮与下层土壤酶活性及土壤碳氮磷化学计量特征

樊瑾a(), 李诗瑶a, 余海龙a(), 黄菊莹b   

  1. a.宁夏大学,地理科学与规划学院,宁夏 银川 750021
    b.宁夏大学,生态环境学院,宁夏 银川 750021
  • 收稿日期:2021-01-16 修回日期:2021-03-26 出版日期:2021-07-27 发布日期:2021-07-27
  • 通讯作者: 余海龙
  • 作者简介:余海龙(E-mail: yhl@nxu.edu.cn
    樊瑾(1996—),女,宁夏固原人,硕士研究生,研究方向为荒漠化与水土保持。E-mail: fanlying1@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(41961001);宁夏自然科学基金项目(2021AAC03007)

Soil enzyme activity and carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus stoichiometric characteristics under different types of biocrusts and subsoil in Mu Us Sandland

Jin Fana(), Shiyao Lia, Hailong Yua(), Juying Huangb   

  1. a.Institute of Geographical Sciences and Planning /, Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China
    b.Institute of Ecology and Environment, Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China
  • Received:2021-01-16 Revised:2021-03-26 Online:2021-07-27 Published:2021-07-27
  • Contact: Hailong Yu

摘要:

生物结皮在土壤养分累积和循环中起着重要作用。土壤酶活性能敏感地指示土壤的恢复程度,是衡量沙区生态恢复与健康的重要生物学指标。采用时空互代法,以毛乌素沙地不同演替阶段生物结皮(藻结皮、混生结皮和藓结皮)为研究对象,通过测定生物结皮及下层土壤的物理化学性质和酶活性,探讨不同演替阶段的生物结皮对土壤酶活性和碳氮磷化学计量特征的影响。结果表明:生物结皮的进展演替可显著提高结皮层脲酶、碱性磷酸酶、蔗糖酶、过氧化氢酶活性(P<0.05);结皮类型显著影响酶活性,藓结皮下层土壤的酶活性最高(P<0.05);3类生物结皮间有机碳(SOC)、全氮(TN)、全磷(TP)、C/N、C/P、N/P差异显著;生物结皮层SOC、TN、TP、C/N、C/P、N/P均显著高于下层土壤。环境因子对生物结皮及下层土壤酶活性变异影响大小排序为TN>速效钾(AK)>SWC>TP>C/P>SOC>碱解氮(AN)>pH>容重(BD)>速效磷(AP),影响酶活性的主导因子是TN、TP、AK。碱性磷酸酶和过氧化氢酶活性与SOC、TN、AN、C/P、N/P正相关,而脲酶和蔗糖酶与AK、TP、AP正相关。但pH、BD、Por与这4类酶活性均负相关。生物结皮的进展演替可促进结皮层及下层土壤的理化性质及酶活性的提升,但对结皮层的提升显著高于下层土壤。

关键词: 生物结皮, 酶活性, 化学计量特征, 进展演替, 毛乌素沙地

Abstract:

Biocrusts play an important role in soil nutrient accumulation and cycling. Soil enzyme activities could be used as significant biological indexes of extent of soil restoration and important biological indices in evaluating ecological restoration and health in desert region. In this study, by using the method of space-time interchange,biocrusts of different succession stages(algal crusts, mixed crusts, moss crusts, respectively)in Mu Us sandland, China, was investigated and chosen as study objects, biocrust and subsoil physicochemical properties and enzymatic activities were measured, and how biocrusts affect soil enzyme activities and stoichiometry characteristics were discussed. The results showed that the positive succession of biocrusts could increase the activities of urease, sucrase, alkaline phosphatase and catalase (P<0.05). Of the three biocrusts types, soil enzymatic activities under the cover of moss crusts, were the highest (P<0.05). There were remarkable differences in C, N, P contents and stoichiometric ratios among three types of biocrusts. The contents and stoichiometric ratios of C, N, P in the biocrustal layer were significantly higher than those of soils below biocrusts. Redundancy analysis result indicated that the effect of environmental factors on biocrust and subsoil enzymatic activity variation was ranked as follows: total nitrogen > available potassium > soil water content > total phosphorus> C/P > organic carbon > available nitrogen > pH > bulk density > available phosphorus, which meant total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), available potassium (AK) were the dominant factors that influenced the enzymatic activities. And soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), available nitrogen (AN), C/P, N/P ratios were positively correlated with enzymatic activities of alkaline phosphatase and catalase; available potassium, total phosphorus and available phosphorus were positively correlated with enzyme activities of urease and sucrase. But the activities of all the four kinds of enzymes were negatively correlated with pH value, bulk density and porosity. The progressive succession of biocrusts could enhance the improvements of physical and chemical and activities of enzymes of biocrustal layer and soils below biocrusts, but the improvements of biocrustal layers were significantly higher than that of soils below biocrusts.

Key words: biocrusts, enzymatic activity, stoichiometry characteristics, progressive succession, Mu Us Sandland

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