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中国沙漠 ›› 2023, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (3): 127-137.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2022.00152

• • 上一篇    

黄河流域20002020年土地沙漠化遥感监测及驱动力分析

赵鸿雁1,2(), 颜长珍1(), 李森1, 王亚晖1,2   

  1. 1.中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院,甘肃 兰州 730000
    2.中国科学院大学,北京 100049
  • 收稿日期:2022-10-12 修回日期:2022-11-28 出版日期:2023-05-20 发布日期:2023-05-31
  • 通讯作者: 颜长珍
  • 作者简介:颜长珍(E-mail: yancz@lzb.ac.cn
    赵鸿雁(1993—),女,甘肃会宁人,博士研究生,主要从事沙漠化遥感监测与评价研究。E-mail: zhaohongyan@nieer.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(41971277);甘肃省自然科学基金项目(21JR7RA707)

Remote sensing monitoring of aeolian desertification and quantitative analysis of its driving force in the Yellow River Basin during 2000-2020

Hongyan Zhao1,2(), Changzhen Yan1(), Sen Li1, Yahui Wang1,2   

  1. 1.Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China
    2.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China
  • Received:2022-10-12 Revised:2022-11-28 Online:2023-05-20 Published:2023-05-31
  • Contact: Changzhen Yan

摘要:

黄河流域是国家生态安全的重要屏障,其沙漠化治理是夯实流域高质量发展基础的关键环节。在2000年以来中国北方沙漠化整体逆转的背景下,本研究对黄河流域2000—2020年的沙漠化过程进行了遥感监测,并采用定量方法揭示了驱动流域沙漠化过程的主要因素及其相对贡献率。结果表明:(1)黄河流域的沙漠化土地主要集聚在流域中上游,且以中度和重度沙漠化土地为主;2000—2020年流域沙漠化土地净减少7 529 km2,减少了5.6%,其中,极重度沙漠化土地持续减少了47.1%,而轻度、中度和重度沙漠化土地有所增加,且增加趋势于2010年后明显放缓;空间上,沙漠化土地进一步向流域上游缩聚。(2)沙漠化逆转区在流域内分布广泛,面积为35 542 km2,占比26.5%;沙漠化发展区分布相对零散,面积为2 823 km2,占比2.1%;沙漠化逆转与发展分别以向较其自身沙漠化程度轻一级和重一级的沙漠化土地的转移为主,且2010年后转移趋势同样明显放缓。(3)黄河流域2000—2020年的沙漠化动态区内,由气候变化和人类活动共同驱动的面积占比为89.67%,由单独的气候变化和单独人类活动驱动的面积占比分别为7.30%和3.03%。总体上人类活动的相对贡献率(54.91%)高于气候变化的相对贡献率(45.09%),但人类活动的相对贡献率随着气候变化相对贡献率的上升而有所下降。本研究可为黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展战略中关键的沙漠化治理提供决策依据,并为实现黄河流域高质量发展提供重要理论支撑。

关键词: 沙漠化, 驱动力, 多元回归残差分析, 黄河流域

Abstract:

China has achieved remarkable prevention and control effects of aeolian desertification in northern China, and has shown an overall reversal trend since 2000. The Yellow River Basin is an important barrier to national ecological security, and its aeolian desertification prevention and control is a key link in consolidating the foundation for high-quality development of the basin. Based on the background of the overall reversal of aeolian desertification in northern China since 2000. The aeolian desertification process in the Yellow River Basin from 2000 to 2020 was discussed in this study, and the dominant factor which driving the dynamics of aeolian desertification in the basin and their relative contributions were analyzed using the quantitative method. The results showed that: (1) The aeolian desertification land in the Yellow River Basin mainly consisted of moderate and severe aeolian desertification lands, and was concentrated in the middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River Basin. From 2000 to 2020, the total aeolian desertification land decreased by 7 529 km2 (5.6%) in the Yellow River Basin. In detail, the serious aeolian desertification land continued to decrease by 47.1%, while the increasing trend of the slight, moderate, and severe aeolian desertification lands slowed down significantly after 2010. (2) In space, the aeolian desertification land was mainly distributed in the middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River Basin, and the total aeolian desertification land further shrank to the upper reaches of the Yellow River Basin from 2000 to 2020. The reversed aeolian desertification land with a large distribution area of 2020, 35 542 km2 (26.5%), and the developed aeolian desertification with a scattered distribution area of 2 823 km2 (2.1%) was mainly concentrated in the Hobq Desert, Mu Us Sandy Land, and the source area of the Yellow River. The reversal or development of aeolian desertification was dominated by the transfer to the aeolian desertification land with a lighter or a higher desertification degree, and the transfer has also slowed down significantly after 2010. (3) The area jointly driven by climate change and human activities accounted for 89.67% of the aeolian desertification dynamic area of the Yellow River Basin from 2000 to 2020, and that driven by individual climate change or individual human activities only accounted for 7.30% and 3.03%, respectively. The relative contribution of human activities (54.91%) was generally higher than that of climate change (45.09%), but this relative contribution of human activities decreased with the increase of the relative contribution of climate change in different periods. This work can provide a decision-making basis and reference for the key desertification control in the ecological protection and high-quality development strategy of the Yellow River Basin, and can also provide significant theoretical support for realizing the high-quality development of the Yellow River basin.

Key words: aeolian desertification, driving factor, multiple regression residual analysis, Yellow River Basin

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