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中国沙漠 ›› 2022, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (5): 221-231.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2022.00041

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科尔沁沙地沙漠化过程中土壤有机碳含量变化特征及影响因素

闫蒙1(), 王旭洋2(), 周立业1(), 李玉强2   

  1. 1.内蒙古民族大学 农学院,内蒙古 通辽 028000
    2.中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 奈曼沙漠化研究站,甘肃 兰州 730000
  • 收稿日期:2022-01-23 修回日期:2022-03-17 出版日期:2022-09-20 发布日期:2022-09-22
  • 通讯作者: 王旭洋,周立业
  • 作者简介:王旭洋(E-mail: xuyangwang@lzb.ac.cn
    周立业(E-mail: toni2002@126.com
    闫蒙(1997—),男,内蒙古呼和浩特人,硕士研究生,主要从事草地生态学研究。E-mail: ymeng324@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(32001214);内蒙古自治区重点研发和成果转化计划项目(2022YFDZ0028);中国科学院沙漠与沙漠化重点实验室开放课题(KLDD-2020-008)

Characteristics and influencing factors of soil organic carbon in the process of desertification in Horqin Sandy Land

Meng Yan1(), Xuyang Wang2(), Liye Zhou1(), Yuqiang Li2   

  1. 1.Inner Mongolia Minzu University,Tongliao 028000,Inner Mongolia,China
    2.Naiman Desertification Research Station,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China
  • Received:2022-01-23 Revised:2022-03-17 Online:2022-09-20 Published:2022-09-22
  • Contact: Xuyang Wang,Liye Zhou

摘要:

科尔沁沙地是中国半干旱地区沙漠化发展的典型地区和沙漠化防治的重点区域。本研究以科尔沁沙地为研究区域,以沙漠化逆转不同阶段的沙地为研究对象,通过野外调查和室内分析,采用空间代替时间的方法,在区域尺度上探讨了土壤有机碳对沙漠化过程的响应规律,并结合气候、植被和地形因子阐释了该区域土壤有机碳空间变异的主导因素。结果表明:(1)土壤有机碳含量随沙漠化程度的加剧表现出疏林草地(未沙漠化)>固定沙地(轻度沙漠化)>半固定沙地(中度沙漠化)>半流动沙地(重度沙漠化)>流动沙地(极重度沙漠化)。(2)固定沙地、半固定沙地、半流动沙地和流动沙地土壤有机碳密度分别比疏林草地降低了29.1%、49.3%、62.9%和84.1%。(3)随着沙漠化的发展,土壤质地发生粗化现象,即中、细砂粒含量明显增加,而土壤细颗粒(极细砂和黏粉粒)含量明显下降。(4)科尔沁沙地沙漠化过程中,土壤黏粉粒的损失是土壤粗化、有机碳含量下降的主要原因,而pH的变化受沙漠化影响较小。(5)气候因子是导致SOC含量受经纬度影响的主要因素,而地形因子的影响次之。

关键词: 土壤有机碳, 科尔沁沙地, 沙漠化, 区域尺度, 主成分分析

Abstract:

Horqin Sandy Land is a typical area for the development of desertification and a key area for desertification control in semi-arid areas of China. This study takes Horqin Sandy Land as the study area, takes sandy land at different stages of desertification reversal as the research object, and adopts the method of space instead of time through field investigation and indoor analysis. on the regional scale, the response law of soil organic carbon to desertification process was discussed, and the dominant factors of spatial variation of soil organic carbon in this region were explained with climate, vegetation and topographic factors. The results show that: (1) with the aggravation of desertification, the content of soil organic carbon shows as follows: sparse forest grassland (non-desertification) > fixed sandy land (mild desertification) > semi-fixed sandy land (moderate desertification) > semi-mobile sandy land (severe desertification) > mobile sandy land (extreme sandy desertification). (2) compared with sparse forest grassland, the soil organic carbon density of fixed sandy land, semi-fixed sandy land, semi-mobile sandy land and mobile sandy land decreased by 29.1%, 49.3%, 62.9% and 84.1%, respectively. (3) with the development of desertification, the soil texture coarsening phenomenon occurred, that is, the content of medium and fine sand significantly increased, while the content of soil fine particles (ultra-fine sand and clay) decreased significantly. (4) in the process of desertification in Horqin sandy land, the loss of soil clay particles is the main reason for the coarsening of soil and the decrease of soil organic carbon content, while the change of pH is less affected by desertification. (5) Climate factor is the main factor that leads to the influence of longitude and latitude on SOC content, while topography factor takes the second place.

Key words: soil organic carbon, Horqin Sandy Land, desertification, regional scale, principal component analysis

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