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中国沙漠 ›› 2023, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (4): 168-179.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2023.00042

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1980—2020年气候和土地利用变化对甘肃省陆地生态系统碳储量的影响

冯永忠1,2(), 尹振良3(), 王凌阁4, 毛龙1, 邱晓峄1, 陶卓琳1, 吴翠霞1   

  1. 1.甘肃省自然资源厅,甘肃 兰州 730000
    2.兰州大学 资源环境学院,甘肃 兰州 730000
    3.中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 干旱区生态安全与可持续发展重点实验室,甘肃 兰州 730000
    4.兰州交通大学 测绘与地理信息学院/地理国情监测技术应用国家地方联合工程研究中心/甘肃省地理国情监测工程实验室,甘肃 兰州 730000
  • 收稿日期:2022-08-23 修回日期:2022-12-12 出版日期:2023-07-20 发布日期:2023-08-14
  • 通讯作者: 尹振良
  • 作者简介:冯永忠(1963—),男,甘肃兰州人,教授级高级工程师,主要从事资源调查、国土规划和生态修复研究。E-mail: fengyongzhong63@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    甘肃省科技计划项目(21CX6ZA035);国家自然科学基金项目(52179026);中国科学院青年创新促进会会员项目(2021424)

The impacts of climate change and land use change on terrestrial ecosystem carbon storage of Gansu province from 1980 to 2020

Yongzhong Feng1,2(), Zhenliang Yin3(), Lingge Wang4, Long Mao1, Xiaoyi Qiu1, Zhuolin Tao1, Cuixia Wu1   

  1. 1.Department of Natural Resources of Gansu Province,Lanzhou 730000,China
    2.College of Earth and Environmental Sciences,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China
    3.Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China
    4.Faculty of Geomatics / Nationl-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Technologies and Applications for National Geographic State Monitoring / Gansu Provincial Engineering Laboratory for National Geographic State Monitoring,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730000,China
  • Received:2022-08-23 Revised:2022-12-12 Online:2023-07-20 Published:2023-08-14
  • Contact: Zhenliang Yin

摘要:

土地利用变化对干旱区陆地生态系统碳储量影响显著,但气候变化对其的影响尚不明晰。本研究基于1980—2020年土地利用数据以及植被和土壤碳密度动态数据,利用InVEST模型测算1980—2020年甘肃省及各市州碳储量及固碳量的变化趋势,并定量评估气候变化和土地利用变化对陆地生态系统碳储量的影响。结果表明:(1)甘肃省气候状态整体趋向于暖湿化,同时土地利用转移强度逐渐剧烈,并由1980—2000年的耕地扩张和草地流失逐步转变为2000—2020年的未利用地治理及城镇扩张。(2)1980—2020年甘肃省生态系统平均碳储量为2 651.01 Tg C(1 Tg=1012 g),碳密度高值区主要分布在甘南高原和祁连山山地区域,低值区主要分布在河西走廊西北荒漠区及内陆河流域下游地区;而固碳速率则呈现出自东南向西北递减的空间格局,其中固碳量排名前四的市州依次为甘南藏族自治州、陇南市、张掖市和庆阳市。(3)1980—2020年甘肃省生态系统碳储量净增长量为208.79 Tg C。1980—2000年,碳储增加量主要来源于气候变化(63.01 Tg C);而2000—2020年,土地利用变化则是甘肃省陆地生态系统碳储量变化的主要驱动因素,尤其体现在林-草-沙治理和人工绿洲扩张方面。

关键词: 陆地生态系统, 固碳效应, 碳密度动态数据, 气候变化, 土地利用

Abstract:

Land use change has a significant impact on carbon storage in dryland terrestrial ecosystems, but the impact of climate change on it is not yet clear. Based on the land use data and the dynamic data of vegetation and soil carbon density from 1980 to 2020, this study uses the InVEST model to measure the trends of carbon storage in Gansu province and each state from 1980 to 2020, and then quantitatively assesses the impacts of climate change and land use change on terrestrial ecosystem carbon storage. The results show that: (1) The overall climate state of Gansu Province tends to be warm and humid, while the intensity of land use shifts gradually and drastically, and changes from farmland expansion and grassland loss in 1980-2000 to unused land management and urban expansion in 2000-2020. (2) From 1980 to 2020, the average carbon storage in Gansu province ecosystem was 2 651.01 Tg C (1 Tg=1012 g), with high value of carbon density regions in the Gannan Plateau and Qilian Mountains, and low value regions mainly in the northwest desert of the Hexi Corridor and the downstream of the inland river basin. The rate of carbon sequestration shows a decreasing spatial pattern from the southeast to the northwest, with the top four prefecture-level cities ranked by Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Longnan City, Zhangye City and Qingyang City in order. (3) The net increase of terrestrial ecosystem carbon storage in Gansu Province from 1980 to 2020 is 208.79 Tg C. Among them, in 1980-2000, the increase of carbon storage mainly comes from climate change (63.01 Tg C), while from 2000 to 2020, land use change is the main driver of carbon storage change in terrestrial ecosystems in Gansu province, especially in forest-grass-sand management and artificial oasis expansion.

Key words: terrestrial ecosystem, effect of carbon sequestration, dynamic carbon density data, climate change, land use

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