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中国沙漠 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (2): 102-110.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2024.00160

• • 上一篇    

格库铁路台特玛湖干涸湖盆段风沙环境特征

周倩1,2(), 江艳冰1,2, 谭立海1(), 王洪涛1, 李轲3   

  1. 1.中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 干旱区生态安全与可持续发展重点实验室/敦煌戈壁荒漠生态与环境研;究站,甘肃 兰州 730000
    2.中国科学院大学,北京 100049
    3.西南交通大学,四川 成都 610000
  • 收稿日期:2024-09-19 修回日期:2024-11-19 出版日期:2025-03-20 发布日期:2025-03-26
  • 通讯作者: 谭立海
  • 作者简介:周倩(1998—),女,山东德州人,硕士研究生,主要从事风沙物理与风沙工程研究。E-mail: zhouqian@nieer.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    第三次新疆综合科学考察课题(2021xjkk0305);国家自然科学基金项目(42171015);甘肃省自然科学基金项目(24JRRA088);中国铁路总公司科技研究开发计划课题(2017G004-E)

Characteristics of aeolian environment in the Taitema Lake dry lake-basin section of the Golmud-Korla Railway

Qian Zhou1,2(), Yanbing Jiang1,2, Lihai Tan1(), Hongtao Wang1, Ke Li3   

  1. 1.Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands / Dunhuang Gobi and Desert Ecology and Environment Reserch Station,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China
    2.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China
    3.Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610000,China
  • Received:2024-09-19 Revised:2024-11-19 Online:2025-03-20 Published:2025-03-26
  • Contact: Lihai Tan

摘要:

风沙环境是沙区铁路沙害成因研究的重要内容。通过实地调查,结合多年风况资料,分析了格库铁路台特玛湖干涸湖盆段风沙环境特征。结果表明:(1)干涸湖盆地表沉积物粒度组成以极细沙和粉沙为主,占颗粒物总含量的81.62%。土壤含盐量大于10 g·kg-1,抗剪强度为477.19±151.26 kPa。(2)2018、2019、2022年,10 m高度平均风速为5.19 m·s-1,起沙风风速(10 m高度,≥9 m·s-1)年均值为13.02 m·s-1,年起沙风频率为12.66%,以NE方向为主,集中在4—10月。大风(≥17 m·s-1)出现频率平均值为1.64%,占起沙风频率的12.95%。(3)年输沙势(DP)可达872.4 VU,属于高风能区,窄单峰风况。(4)2018、2019、2022年,总输沙量为2.37 m3·m-1,主要输沙方向为NE和E。极端沙尘暴天气下,输沙量大,占年输沙量的7.1%。

关键词: 风沙环境, 输沙势, 输沙量, 干涸湖盆, 格库铁路

Abstract:

Aeolian environment is an important research content to analyze the causes of railway sand disasters in sandy areas. In this paper, through field investigation, combined with the analysis of wind data, the characteristics of aeolian environment in dry Taitema Lake section of Golmud-Korla Railway are analyzed. The results show that: (1) The grain size composition of the surface sediments in the dry lake-basin is dominated by very fine sand and silt, accounting for 81.62% of the total particulate matter content. The soil salt content is above 10 g·kg-1, and the shear strength is 477.19 ± 151.26 kPa. (2) In 2018, 2019 and 2022, the average wind speed at 10 m height is 5.19 m·s-1, and the average annual sand-driving wind speed (at 10 m height, ≥9 m·s-1) is 13.02 m·s-1. The average annual sand-driving wind frequency is 12.66%, mainly in the NE direction, mainly concentrated in April to October. The average frequency of gale (≥ 17 m·s-1) is 1.64%, accounting for 12.95% of the sand-driving wind. (3) The average annual sand drift potential (DP) can reach 872.4 VU, which belongs to the high wind energy area and narrow single peak wind condition. (4) In 2018, 2019 and 2022, the total sand transport quantity is 2.37 m3·m-1, and the main directions for sand transport are NE and E. In extreme duststorm weather, the sand transport quantity is large, accounting for 7.1% of the annual sand transport quantity.

Key words: aeolian environment, sand drift potential, sand transport quantity, dry lake-basin, Golmud-Korla Railway

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