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中国沙漠 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (2): 323-335.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2026.00015

• • 上一篇    

东北沙地表土<10 μm粒径组分揭示的化学风化特征

曲文欣1(), 王艳茹1,2(), 谢远云1,2, 孙磊1,2, 刘海金1, 魏振宇1, 汪烨辉1, 祁昊东1, 吴鹏3, 张艳4   

  1. 1.哈尔滨师范大学,地理科学学院,黑龙江 哈尔滨 150025
    2.哈尔滨师范大学,寒区地理环境监测与空间信息服务黑龙江省重点实验室,黑龙江 哈尔滨 150025
    3.湖南科技大学 地球科学与空间信息工程学院,湖南 湘潭 411201
    4.自然资源部第二地理信息制图院,黑龙江 哈尔滨 150081
  • 收稿日期:2025-11-24 修回日期:2026-01-19 出版日期:2026-03-20 发布日期:2026-04-13
  • 通讯作者: 王艳茹
  • 作者简介:曲文欣(2001—),女,黑龙江哈尔滨人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为第四纪地质与环境变化。E-mail: 1781137653@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(ZD2023D003);国家自然科学基金项目(42171006);哈尔滨师范大学博士启动基金项目(XKB202312)

Chemical weathering characteristics as revealed by the <10 μm particle fraction in surface soils of the Northeastern China Sandy Lands

Wenxin Qu1(), Yanru Wang1,2(), Yuanyun Xie1,2, Lei Sun1,2, Haijin Liu1, Zhenyu Wei1, Yehui Wang1, Haodong Qi1, Peng Wu3, Yan Zhang4   

  1. 1.College of Geographic Science /, Harbin Normal University,Harbin 150025,China
    2.Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Geographical Environment Monitoring and Spatial Information Service in Cold Regions, Harbin Normal University,Harbin 150025,China
    3.School of Earth Sciences and Spatial Information Engineering,Hunan University of Science and Technology,Xiangtan 411201,Hunan,China
    4.The Second Institute of Geographic Information Cartography,Ministry of Natural Resources,Harbin 150081,China
  • Received:2025-11-24 Revised:2026-01-19 Online:2026-03-20 Published:2026-04-13
  • Contact: Yanru Wang

摘要:

化学风化作用是地表元素循环的关键环节,其过程记录了气候环境演化信息。本研究对浑善达克沙地、科尔沁沙地和松嫩沙地表土<10 μm粒径组分的元素地球化学特征进行分析,探讨其化学风化程度,揭示化学风化强度的空间分布规律,剖析其主控因素,并探索基于地球化学指标定量重建气候的潜力。结果表明:东北沙地整体处于化学风化的初级阶段,且3个沙地的风化强度均呈现显著的空间异质性。浑善达克沙地和松嫩沙地的风化作用主要受年降水量的控制,基于αAlMg、αAlSr等指标成功构建了定量气候转换函数;而科尔沁沙地的风化过程则受降水、温度等多种气候因子的协同驱动,无单一主导因素,导致无法建立有效的单一指标气候函数。本研究证实,在气候驱动模式相对单一的沙地,<10 μm组分的地球化学指标能够作为有效的气候代用指标,这为深入理解该区地表过程及开展古环境定量重建提供了关键依据。

关键词: 东北沙地, 元素地球化学, 气候函数, 化学风化

Abstract:

Chemical weathering serves as a critical component in the surface elemental cycle, faithfully recording information on climatic and environmental evolution. This study conducted elemental geochemical analyses on the <10 μm particle-size fraction of surface soils from the Hunshandake Sandy Land, Horqin Sandy Land, and Songnen Sandy Land. The objectives were to investigate the degree of chemical weathering, reveal the spatial distribution patterns of chemical weathering intensity, identify the main controlling factors, and explore the potential for quantitatively reconstructing paleoclimate using geochemical indicators. The results indicate that the sandy lands of Northeastern China are generally in the initial stage of chemical weathering, with significant spatial heterogeneity in weathering intensity observed across the three regions. In the Hunshandake and Songnen Sandy Lands, chemical weathering is primarily controlled by mean annual precipitation. Based on indicators such as αAlMg and αAlSr, quantitative climate transfer functions were successfully established. In contrast, the weathering process in the Horqin Sandy Land is jointly driven by multiple climatic factors, including precipitation and temperature, with no single dominant factor, which prevents the development of an effective single-indicator climate function. This study confirms that in sandy lands where the climate-driven pattern is relatively simple, geochemical indicators of the <10 μm fraction can serve as effective paleoclimate proxies. This provides a crucial basis for deepening the understanding of surface processes in the region and for conducting quantitative paleoenvironmental reconstructions.

Key words: Northeastern China Sandy Lands, elemental geochemistry, climate transfer function, chemical weathering

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