中国沙漠 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (2): 323-335.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2026.00015
• • 上一篇
曲文欣1(
), 王艳茹1,2(
), 谢远云1,2, 孙磊1,2, 刘海金1, 魏振宇1, 汪烨辉1, 祁昊东1, 吴鹏3, 张艳4
收稿日期:2025-11-24
修回日期:2026-01-19
出版日期:2026-03-20
发布日期:2026-04-13
通讯作者:
王艳茹
作者简介:曲文欣(2001—),女,黑龙江哈尔滨人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为第四纪地质与环境变化。E-mail: 1781137653@qq.com
基金资助:
Wenxin Qu1(
), Yanru Wang1,2(
), Yuanyun Xie1,2, Lei Sun1,2, Haijin Liu1, Zhenyu Wei1, Yehui Wang1, Haodong Qi1, Peng Wu3, Yan Zhang4
Received:2025-11-24
Revised:2026-01-19
Online:2026-03-20
Published:2026-04-13
Contact:
Yanru Wang
摘要:
化学风化作用是地表元素循环的关键环节,其过程记录了气候环境演化信息。本研究对浑善达克沙地、科尔沁沙地和松嫩沙地表土<10 μm粒径组分的元素地球化学特征进行分析,探讨其化学风化程度,揭示化学风化强度的空间分布规律,剖析其主控因素,并探索基于地球化学指标定量重建气候的潜力。结果表明:东北沙地整体处于化学风化的初级阶段,且3个沙地的风化强度均呈现显著的空间异质性。浑善达克沙地和松嫩沙地的风化作用主要受年降水量的控制,基于αAlMg、αAlSr等指标成功构建了定量气候转换函数;而科尔沁沙地的风化过程则受降水、温度等多种气候因子的协同驱动,无单一主导因素,导致无法建立有效的单一指标气候函数。本研究证实,在气候驱动模式相对单一的沙地,<10 μm组分的地球化学指标能够作为有效的气候代用指标,这为深入理解该区地表过程及开展古环境定量重建提供了关键依据。
中图分类号:
曲文欣, 王艳茹, 谢远云, 孙磊, 刘海金, 魏振宇, 汪烨辉, 祁昊东, 吴鹏, 张艳. 东北沙地表土<10 μm粒径组分揭示的化学风化特征[J]. 中国沙漠, 2026, 46(2): 323-335.
Wenxin Qu, Yanru Wang, Yuanyun Xie, Lei Sun, Haijin Liu, Zhenyu Wei, Yehui Wang, Haodong Qi, Peng Wu, Yan Zhang. Chemical weathering characteristics as revealed by the <10 μm particle fraction in surface soils of the Northeastern China Sandy Lands[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2026, 46(2): 323-335.
图2 浑善达克沙地(A、D、G)、科尔沁沙地(B、E、H)、松嫩沙地(C、F、I)1970—2000年年均温(A~C)、年降水量(D~F)、年潜在蒸发量(G~I)
Fig.2 The annual mean temperature (A-C), mean annual precipitation (D-F), and mean annual potential evaporation (G-I) from 1970 to 2000 in Hunshandake Sandy Land (A, D, G), Horqin Sandy Land (B, E, H), Songnen Sandy Land (C, F, I)
图3 东北沙地表土的元素标准化模式图示注:UCC、PAAS、球粒陨石(Chondrite)数值遵循Taylor等[45]
Fig.3 Standardization patterns of sediments major elements (A),trace elements (B),rare earth elements (C) in the sandy lands of Northeast China (normalization values for UCC, PAAS, and Chondrite are from Taylor et al.[45])
| 样品编号 | CIA | CIW | WIP | 样品编号 | CIA | CIW | WIP |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OD8(<63) | 49.40 | 56.48 | 57.81 | OD8(<10) | 50.89 | 57.51 | 54.86 |
| OD9(<63) | 53.08 | 61.79 | 56.95 | OD9(<10) | 54.32 | 62.47 | 54.41 |
| OD12(<63) | 55.47 | 64.00 | 51.93 | OD12(<10) | 56.57 | 64.57 | 49.07 |
| OD15(<63) | 50.71 | 57.70 | 52.51 | OD15(<10) | 53.38 | 60.56 | 52.52 |
| OD16(<63) | 55.92 | 63.86 | 50.85 | OD16(<10) | 56.93 | 64.65 | 50.18 |
| OD17(<63) | 52.26 | 59.20 | 51.15 | OD17(<10) | 53.95 | 60.85 | 50.68 |
| OD18(<63) | 51.93 | 58.64 | 41.16 | OD18(<10) | 53.34 | 59.96 | 33.77 |
| OD19(<63) | 50.92 | 58.50 | 52.34 | OD19(<10) | 52.71 | 59.93 | 50.17 |
| OD20(<63) | 50.54 | 57.46 | 50.73 | OD20(<10) | 52.82 | 59.64 | 44.01 |
| HQ1(<63) | 49.22 | 57.19 | 56.89 | HQ1(<10) | 51.39 | 58.62 | 53.82 |
| HQ2(<63) | 52.91 | 62.43 | 56.99 | HQ2(<10) | 53.02 | 61.18 | 56.14 |
| HQ12(<63) | 52.79 | 62.11 | 57.02 | HQ12(<10) | 53.28 | 61.36 | 54.47 |
| HQ13(<63) | 53.39 | 62.30 | 55.66 | HQ13(<10) | 53.40 | 61.17 | 53.42 |
| HQ15(<63) | 53.58 | 62.98 | 56.60 | HQ15(<10) | 53.73 | 61.77 | 54.23 |
| HQ16(<63) | 52.66 | 62.63 | 57.50 | HQ16(<10) | 52.35 | 60.40 | 54.68 |
| HQ17(<63) | 53.79 | 63.15 | 55.72 | HQ17(<10) | 53.60 | 61.70 | 54.52 |
| HQ18(<63) | 53.50 | 62.50 | 55.74 | HQ18(<10) | 53.82 | 61.73 | 53.69 |
| HQ22(<63) | 52.44 | 62.59 | 57.86 | HQ22(<10) | 51.94 | 60.24 | 55.53 |
| SN3(<63) | 49.00 | 56.09 | 61.94 | SN3(<10) | 50.83 | 57.49 | 55.99 |
| SN4(<63) | 53.24 | 60.48 | 55.56 | SN4(<10) | 55.88 | 62.83 | 49.18 |
| SN5(<63) | 51.41 | 58.72 | 57.64 | SN5(<10) | 54.19 | 61.27 | 51.94 |
| SN6(<63) | 49.41 | 56.47 | 59.11 | SN6(<10) | 50.94 | 57.48 | 54.85 |
| SN9(<63) | 51.08 | 58.20 | 59.14 | SN9(<10) | 53.09 | 60.00 | 54.75 |
| SN11(<63) | 53.75 | 62.16 | 60.90 | SN11(<10) | 54.05 | 61.95 | 60.06 |
| SN12(<63) | 55.27 | 63.62 | 57.55 | SN12(<10) | 54.95 | 62.36 | 47.72 |
| SN13(<63) | 54.52 | 63.10 | 58.47 | SN13(<10) | 54.67 | 62.36 | 56.82 |
| SN15(<63) | 53.82 | 61.25 | 55.31 | SN15(<10) | 53.39 | 60.18 | 55.45 |
表1 东北沙地不同粒级的CIA、CIW、WIP值
Table 1 CIA,CIW,and WIP values for different grain-size fractions in the sandy lands of Northeast China
| 样品编号 | CIA | CIW | WIP | 样品编号 | CIA | CIW | WIP |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OD8(<63) | 49.40 | 56.48 | 57.81 | OD8(<10) | 50.89 | 57.51 | 54.86 |
| OD9(<63) | 53.08 | 61.79 | 56.95 | OD9(<10) | 54.32 | 62.47 | 54.41 |
| OD12(<63) | 55.47 | 64.00 | 51.93 | OD12(<10) | 56.57 | 64.57 | 49.07 |
| OD15(<63) | 50.71 | 57.70 | 52.51 | OD15(<10) | 53.38 | 60.56 | 52.52 |
| OD16(<63) | 55.92 | 63.86 | 50.85 | OD16(<10) | 56.93 | 64.65 | 50.18 |
| OD17(<63) | 52.26 | 59.20 | 51.15 | OD17(<10) | 53.95 | 60.85 | 50.68 |
| OD18(<63) | 51.93 | 58.64 | 41.16 | OD18(<10) | 53.34 | 59.96 | 33.77 |
| OD19(<63) | 50.92 | 58.50 | 52.34 | OD19(<10) | 52.71 | 59.93 | 50.17 |
| OD20(<63) | 50.54 | 57.46 | 50.73 | OD20(<10) | 52.82 | 59.64 | 44.01 |
| HQ1(<63) | 49.22 | 57.19 | 56.89 | HQ1(<10) | 51.39 | 58.62 | 53.82 |
| HQ2(<63) | 52.91 | 62.43 | 56.99 | HQ2(<10) | 53.02 | 61.18 | 56.14 |
| HQ12(<63) | 52.79 | 62.11 | 57.02 | HQ12(<10) | 53.28 | 61.36 | 54.47 |
| HQ13(<63) | 53.39 | 62.30 | 55.66 | HQ13(<10) | 53.40 | 61.17 | 53.42 |
| HQ15(<63) | 53.58 | 62.98 | 56.60 | HQ15(<10) | 53.73 | 61.77 | 54.23 |
| HQ16(<63) | 52.66 | 62.63 | 57.50 | HQ16(<10) | 52.35 | 60.40 | 54.68 |
| HQ17(<63) | 53.79 | 63.15 | 55.72 | HQ17(<10) | 53.60 | 61.70 | 54.52 |
| HQ18(<63) | 53.50 | 62.50 | 55.74 | HQ18(<10) | 53.82 | 61.73 | 53.69 |
| HQ22(<63) | 52.44 | 62.59 | 57.86 | HQ22(<10) | 51.94 | 60.24 | 55.53 |
| SN3(<63) | 49.00 | 56.09 | 61.94 | SN3(<10) | 50.83 | 57.49 | 55.99 |
| SN4(<63) | 53.24 | 60.48 | 55.56 | SN4(<10) | 55.88 | 62.83 | 49.18 |
| SN5(<63) | 51.41 | 58.72 | 57.64 | SN5(<10) | 54.19 | 61.27 | 51.94 |
| SN6(<63) | 49.41 | 56.47 | 59.11 | SN6(<10) | 50.94 | 57.48 | 54.85 |
| SN9(<63) | 51.08 | 58.20 | 59.14 | SN9(<10) | 53.09 | 60.00 | 54.75 |
| SN11(<63) | 53.75 | 62.16 | 60.90 | SN11(<10) | 54.05 | 61.95 | 60.06 |
| SN12(<63) | 55.27 | 63.62 | 57.55 | SN12(<10) | 54.95 | 62.36 | 47.72 |
| SN13(<63) | 54.52 | 63.10 | 58.47 | SN13(<10) | 54.67 | 62.36 | 56.82 |
| SN15(<63) | 53.82 | 61.25 | 55.31 | SN15(<10) | 53.39 | 60.18 | 55.45 |
| 化学指标 | 浑善达克沙地 | 科尔沁沙地 | 松嫩沙地 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 西部 | 中部 | 东部 | |||
| Mg/Al | -0.77** | -0.66 | -0.05 | -0.56 | 0.33* |
| Na/K | 0.21 | -0.76* | 0.11 | -0.03 | -0.32* |
| Ca/Al | -0.66** | -0.59 | 0.00 | -0.70* | -0.14 |
| Rb/Sr | 0.58** | 0.58 | -0.43 | 0.80** | 0.60** |
| CIA | 0.26 | 0.48 | -0.16 | 0.70* | 0.48** |
| CIW | 0.38 | 0.54 | -0.15 | 0.66* | 0.47** |
| αAlNa | -0.48* | -0.04 | -0.09 | 0.42 | 0.33* |
| αAlCa | 0.71** | 0.51 | -0.05 | 0.74** | 0.24 |
| αAlSr | 0.64** | 0.73* | -0.60 | 0.88** | 0.64** |
| αAlMg | 0.81** | 0.62 | 0.08 | 0.41 | -0.43** |
| αAlK | -0.58** | -0.82* | -0.02 | 0.68* | 0.32* |
| αAlRb | 0.30 | -0.22 | -0.02 | 0.20 | -0.04 |
| ba2 | -0.78** | -0.61 | 0.02 | -0.67* | 0.01 |
| ba3 | -0.67** | -0.52 | 0.15 | -0.87** | -0.07 |
表2 地球化学指标与年降水量相关系数
Table 2 Correlations between geochemical indices and mean annual precipitation
| 化学指标 | 浑善达克沙地 | 科尔沁沙地 | 松嫩沙地 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 西部 | 中部 | 东部 | |||
| Mg/Al | -0.77** | -0.66 | -0.05 | -0.56 | 0.33* |
| Na/K | 0.21 | -0.76* | 0.11 | -0.03 | -0.32* |
| Ca/Al | -0.66** | -0.59 | 0.00 | -0.70* | -0.14 |
| Rb/Sr | 0.58** | 0.58 | -0.43 | 0.80** | 0.60** |
| CIA | 0.26 | 0.48 | -0.16 | 0.70* | 0.48** |
| CIW | 0.38 | 0.54 | -0.15 | 0.66* | 0.47** |
| αAlNa | -0.48* | -0.04 | -0.09 | 0.42 | 0.33* |
| αAlCa | 0.71** | 0.51 | -0.05 | 0.74** | 0.24 |
| αAlSr | 0.64** | 0.73* | -0.60 | 0.88** | 0.64** |
| αAlMg | 0.81** | 0.62 | 0.08 | 0.41 | -0.43** |
| αAlK | -0.58** | -0.82* | -0.02 | 0.68* | 0.32* |
| αAlRb | 0.30 | -0.22 | -0.02 | 0.20 | -0.04 |
| ba2 | -0.78** | -0.61 | 0.02 | -0.67* | 0.01 |
| ba3 | -0.67** | -0.52 | 0.15 | -0.87** | -0.07 |
| 化学指标 | 浑善达克沙地 | 科尔沁沙地 | 松嫩沙地 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 西部 | 中部 | 东部 | |||
| Mg/Al | 0.48* | -0.61 | 0.72* | 0.33 | 0.48** |
| Na/K | -0.25 | -0.71* | -0.18 | 0.01 | -0.16 |
| Ca/Al | 0.32 | -0.57 | 0.74* | 0.26 | 0.20 |
| Rb/Sr | -0.16 | 0.62 | 0.18 | -0.23 | 0.06 |
| CIA | -0.69** | 0.50 | -0.34 | -0.11 | 0.04 |
| CIW | -0.71** | 0.55 | -0.53 | -0.19 | 0.02 |
| αAlNa | 0.15 | 0.04 | 0.59 | 0.20 | 0.18 |
| αAlCa | -0.73** | 0.54 | -0.79** | -0.40 | -0.15 |
| αAlSr | -0.37 | 0.59 | 0.14 | -0.17 | 0.01 |
| αAlMg | -0.53* | 0.60 | -0.72* | -0.51 | -0.47** |
| αAlK | -0.11 | -0.74* | 0.64* | 0.38 | 0.15 |
| αAlRb | -0.70** | -0.48 | -0.15 | 0.42 | -0.18 |
| ba2 | 0.63** | -0.59 | 0.82** | 0.43 | 0.38* |
| ba3 | 0.56* | -0.52 | 0.32 | 0.18 | 0.44** |
表3 地球化学指标与年均温的相关系数
Table 3 Correlations between geochemical indices and mean annual temperature
| 化学指标 | 浑善达克沙地 | 科尔沁沙地 | 松嫩沙地 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 西部 | 中部 | 东部 | |||
| Mg/Al | 0.48* | -0.61 | 0.72* | 0.33 | 0.48** |
| Na/K | -0.25 | -0.71* | -0.18 | 0.01 | -0.16 |
| Ca/Al | 0.32 | -0.57 | 0.74* | 0.26 | 0.20 |
| Rb/Sr | -0.16 | 0.62 | 0.18 | -0.23 | 0.06 |
| CIA | -0.69** | 0.50 | -0.34 | -0.11 | 0.04 |
| CIW | -0.71** | 0.55 | -0.53 | -0.19 | 0.02 |
| αAlNa | 0.15 | 0.04 | 0.59 | 0.20 | 0.18 |
| αAlCa | -0.73** | 0.54 | -0.79** | -0.40 | -0.15 |
| αAlSr | -0.37 | 0.59 | 0.14 | -0.17 | 0.01 |
| αAlMg | -0.53* | 0.60 | -0.72* | -0.51 | -0.47** |
| αAlK | -0.11 | -0.74* | 0.64* | 0.38 | 0.15 |
| αAlRb | -0.70** | -0.48 | -0.15 | 0.42 | -0.18 |
| ba2 | 0.63** | -0.59 | 0.82** | 0.43 | 0.38* |
| ba3 | 0.56* | -0.52 | 0.32 | 0.18 | 0.44** |
图6 浑善达克沙地(A,αAlMg)、科尔沁沙地(B,αAlK)、松嫩沙地(C,αAlSr)化学风化强度空间分布
Fig.6 Spatial distribution of chemical weathering intensity in Hunshandake Sandy Land (A, αAlMg), Horqin Sandy Land (B, αAlK), Songnen Sandy Land (C, αAlSr)
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