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中国沙漠 ›› 2008, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (6): 1136-1144.

• 生物土壤与生态 • 上一篇    下一篇

白榆、新疆杨液流动态比较研究

段玉玺1,2, 秦 景1, 贺康宁1*, 张进虎1, 赵 奎1, 孙 毅1
  

  1. 1.北京林业大学水土保持学院, 教育部水土保持与荒漠化防治重点实验室, 北京 100083; 2.内蒙古林业科学研究院, 内蒙古 呼和浩特 010010
  • 收稿日期:2008-03-05 修回日期:2008-05-28 出版日期:2008-11-20 发布日期:2008-11-20

A Comparative Study on the Sap Flow Patterns of Ulmus pumila and Populus alba and Their Responses in Hedong Sandy Land

DUAN Yu-xi1,2, QIN Jing1, HE Kong-ning1, ZHANG Jin-hu1, ZHAO Kui1, SUN Yi1

  

  1. 1.College of Soil and Water Conservation in Beijing Forestry University, Key Lab of Soil and Water Conservation and Desertification Combating, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China; 2.Inner Mongolia Academy of Forestry Sciences, Huhehot 010010, China
  • Received:2008-03-05 Revised:2008-05-28 Online:2008-11-20 Published:2008-11-20

摘要: 运用Granier热扩散式探针(TDP)法对宁夏河东沙地主要乔木树种白榆(Ulmus pumila)和新疆杨(Populus alba)夏初边材液流变化规律进行连续观测。利用自动气象站对周围气象因子如太阳辐射(Rs)、空气温度(Ta)、空气相对湿度(RH)和风速(Ws)进行同步观测,并对气象因子与白榆、新疆杨边材液流通量(Fs)的相关性进行分析。结果表明:①白榆、新疆杨边材液流速率(Vs)变化规律存在显著差异,白榆Vs主体表现为窄小双峰型,新疆杨Vs主体表现为宽峰波动型;白榆日间液流启动时间较新疆杨提前0.0~0.8 h,峰值出现时间推迟0.0~2.0 h,峰值持续时间较新疆杨缩短2.5~6.7 h,液流消退时间提前0.0~2.5 h。②白榆边材液流通量(Fs)仅为0.50 kg·h-1,而新疆杨高达1.25 kg·h-1,为白榆的2.5倍;白榆日耗水量(W)在8.81~17.73 kg·d-1之间,而新疆杨W在22.82~34.06 kg·d-1之间。③白榆、新疆杨在夜间保持一定的液流量以补充白天所耗水分,夜间水分补充量对各自日耗水量的贡献相近,为8%左右。④白榆、新疆杨Fs与气象因子关系密切,但气象因子的作用过程表现复杂。复相关分析表明:白榆、新疆杨Fs与Rs、Ta、Ws之间呈极显著正相关,与相对湿度RH呈极显著负相关,按相关程度排序为:Rs>RH>Ta>Ws。

关键词: 热扩式探针法, 边材液流, 气象因子, 白榆, 新疆杨

Abstract:

Ulmus pumila and Populus alba are main tree species in Hedong Sandy Land of Ningxia. The sap flow fluctuations of them were measured continuously by means of Graniers thermal dissipation probe (TDP) method in early summer of 2007. Meteorological factors, including solar radiation (Rs), air temperature (Ta), air relative humidity (RH), and wind speed (Ws), were measured by automatic weather station in pace withthe sap flow fluctuations measured. The correlations between meteorological factors and the sap flow fluxs (Fs) were also analyzed by SPSS15.0 . The sap flow rate (Vs) peaks of U. pumila were lower than that of P. alba in the curves of diurnal fluctuations where the Vs of U. pumila presented narrow double-peaks, while that of P. alba presented wide single-peak. The time points of sap flow start-up and the Vs peaks emergency, as well as the sap flow fading of U. pumila were 0~0.8 hour earlier and 0.0~2.0 hours later as well as 0.0~2.5 hours earlier than that of P. alba respectively, and the periods of the Vs peaks remaining of U. pumila were 2.5~6.7 hours less than that of P. alba. The Fs of P. alba with 1.25 kg·h-1 was 2.5 times as that of U. pumila with 0.50 kg·h-1. Daily single tree water consumption (W) of U. pumila varied from 8.81 kg·d-1 to 17.73 kg·d-1, and that of P. alba from 22.82 kg·d-1 to 34.06 kg·d-1. For water supplement, there was some similar amount of sap flow occurred in both two trees in night; their contributions to the total W were 8 percent. The Fs of both trees were closely related to the fluctuation of meteorological factors, but the functional processes of meteorological factors were complex. Multiple correlation analysis indicated that the Fs of the trees had significant positive correlations with Rs, Ta and Ws, but had negative correlation with RH. Rs>RH>Ta>Ws was the correlative sequence of the meteorological factors which influence on the sap flow.

Key words: thermal dissipation probe method, sap flow, meteorological factors, Ulmus pumila, Populus alba

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