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中国沙漠 ›› 2011, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (6): 1467-1471.

• 生物土壤与生态 • 上一篇    下一篇

4种荒漠植物的抗氧化系统和渗透调节的季节变化

朱军涛1,2,3, 李向义1,3*, 张希明1,3, 林丽莎1,3, 杨尚功1,3   

  1. 1.中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830011; 2.中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 陆地水循环及地表过程重点实验室, 北京 100101; 3.中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 策勒荒漠草地生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站, 新疆 策勒 848300
  • 收稿日期:2010-10-05 修回日期:2010-12-23 出版日期:2011-11-20 发布日期:2011-11-20

Seasonal Change of Antioxidative Enzymes and Osmotic Regulation in Four Desert Plants

ZHU Jun-tao1,2,3, LI Xiang-yi1,3, ZHANG Xi-ming1,3, LIN Li-sha1,3, YANG Shang-gong1,3   

  1. 1.State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China; 2.Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; 3.Xinjiang Cele National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station of Desertification and Grassland Ecosystem, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Cele 848300, Xinjiang, China
  • Received:2010-10-05 Revised:2010-12-23 Online:2011-11-20 Published:2011-11-20

摘要: 研究了塔克拉玛干沙漠南缘4种荒漠植物的水势、渗透调节物质和抗氧化系统的季节变化。结果表明,4种荒漠植物的清晨水势和午后水势的最低值出现在7月,最高值出现在6月,说明在此区域,6月植物的水分状况相对较好,7月植物的水分状况最差。骆驼刺的MDA含量和活性氧(O-2和H2O2)积累随着季节变化均呈上升趋势,表明骆驼刺的膜脂过氧化和膜伤害随季节推进逐渐加剧;柽柳、花花柴和沙拐枣的MDA含量和活性氧积累最高峰值分别出现在7月、7月和8月,说明在水分亏缺最严重的7月和8月,植物面临的膜脂过氧化程度亦最高。4种植物的渗透调节物质积累和抗氧化酶活性的变化,与膜脂过氧化几乎同步。其中,柽柳是以脯氨酸和可溶性糖两者的积累来调节细胞质渗透势以适应极端环境,脯氨酸的积累是沙拐枣应对水分胁迫的主要物质之一,骆驼刺是以可溶性糖的积累来应对水分亏缺,花花柴这两者含量都不高,分析可能是以无机离子作为渗透调节物质。4个月SOD、POD和CAT活性的均值排序均为柽柳>沙拐枣>骆驼刺>花花柴,说明在整个生长季中,柽柳的活性氧积累最为严重,其保护酶SOD、POD和CAT对活性氧的清除均起到关键作用。

关键词: 渗透调节, 抗氧化系统, 水势, 荒漠植物, 季节变化

Abstract: The southern fringe of the Taklimakan Desert is an extremely arid region with high temperature, strong solar radiation and very little precipitation. Alhagi sparsifolia, Tamarix ramosissima, Karelinia caspica and Calligonum caputmedusae are dominating species in this region. In order to understand the adaptive mechanisms of the plants to the extreme conditions, we investigated the seasonal change of water potential, osmotic regulation and antioxidative systems of the four desert plants. Results showed that the minimum values of the predawn and afternoon water potential occurred in July, the maximal values appeared in June. MDA and AOS contents of A. sparsifolia increased with the seasonal change, however, the maximal values of T. ramosissima, K. caspica and C.caputmedusae occurred in July and August, respectively. The changes of proline, soluble sugar content and the activities of antioxidative enzymes were the same as MDA. Proline and soluble sugar played an important role in adapting to the extreme environment for T. ramosissima, but their contents were lower in K. caspica, since inorganic ion might be considered as osmotic matter. The order for the activities of SOD, POD and CAT was T. ramosissima>C. caputmedusae>A. sparsifolia>K. caspica. In the whole growing periods, AOS accumulation in T. ramosissima was highest, SOD, POD and CAT played important roles in clearing away AOS.

Key words: osmotic regulation, antioxidative systems, water potential, desert plant, seasonal change

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