荒漠-过渡带-绿洲界定——以石羊河流域为例

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2019.00091

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 中国西北干旱区发源于山地的河流为中下游地区带来了丰富的水土资源,在荒漠中孕育出绿洲,过渡带位于其间,构成荒漠-过渡带-绿洲地理景观单元。界定荒漠、过渡带、绿洲的空间分布,可为干旱区生态系统格局、过程和服务方面的精确认知评价提供空间参考。以石羊河流域为例,选取训练样本,利用常用遥感指标和景观格局指数,通过判别分析方法,对荒漠、过渡带和绿洲空间范围进行界定。结果表明:采用通过逐步判别分析筛选出的6项遥感指标和2项景观指数构建的判别函数,与单独利用遥感指标或景观指数构建的判别函数,计算出训练样本的判别准确率分别为92.4%、84.0%、70.2%。采用遥感指标结合景观指数的综合判别分析,比单独利用遥感指标或景观指数判别准确率分别提高了8.4%\,22.2%。经综合指标判别分析,得出除主要山地外的石羊河流域荒漠、过渡带和绿洲面积分别为133万、49万、58万hm²。

关键词: 荒漠-过渡带-绿洲, 遥感, 景观, 判别分析

Abstract: The rivers originating from the mountains in the arid regions of the Northwest China transport abundant water and soil resources to the middle and lower reaches, and oases are cultivated in the desert. The ecotone is located between desert and oasis, forming a desert-ecotone-oasis geographic landscape unit. Division the spatial distribution of the desert, ecotone and oasis provides a spatial reference for accurate cognitive assessment of ecosystem patterns, processes and services in arid regions. In this study, taking the Shiyang River Basin as an example, the training samples were selected, and the spatial ranges of desert, ecotone and oasis in Shiyang River Basin were divided by discriminant analysis using common remote sensing indexes and landscape pattern indexes. The results showed that the discriminant functions constructed by 6 remote sensing indexes and 2 landscape indexes screened by stepwise discriminant analysis, and the discriminant functions constructed by remote sensing indexes or landscape indexes alone, the calculated training samples discrimination accuracy were 92.4%, 84.0% and 70.2%, respectively. The comprehensive discriminant analysis using remote sensing indexes combined with landscape indexes increased the accuracy by 8.4% and 22.2% respectively compared with the remote sensing indexes or landscape indexes alone. According to the comprehensive index discriminant analysis, the area of the desert, ecotone and oasis in the Shiyang River Basin except the main mountain areas are 1.33, 0.49 and 0.58 million hm², respectively.

Key words: desert-ecotone-oasis, remote sensing, landscape, discriminant analysis

中图分类号:

P901

毛忠超, 李森, 张志山, 胡宜刚, 李昌盛. 荒漠-过渡带-绿洲界定——以石羊河流域为例[J]. 中国沙漠, 2020, 40(2): 177-184.

Mao Zhongchao, Li Sen, Zhang Zhishan, Hu Yigang, Li Changsheng. Desert-ecotone-oasis division: taking the Shiyang River Basin as an example[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2020, 40(2): 177-184.

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