腾格里沙漠南缘青海云杉(Picea crassifolia)和油松(Pinus tabulaeformis)年轮记录的气候变化

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2019.00100

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 基于树木年轮学理论与方法,探讨了腾格里沙漠南缘昌岭山青海云杉(Picea crassifolia)和油松(Pinus tabulaeformis)径向生长的气候响应特征及其记录的1850s以来气候干湿变化。结果表明:青海云杉和油松均表现出与区域生长季及前期干旱指数的极显著相关性,但后者更易受到气候变化(尤其降水)的影响;二者均记录了研究区一致的干湿变化,且均存在4 a和24 a的变化周期;在年代际尺度上,两者年表均记录了1881—1885年、1890s—1900s初、1920s中至1930s初和1990s末至2000s初的干旱阶段和1864—1876年、1935年左右、1953—1956年3个湿润期。综合小波方差周期分析及区域气候增温趋势,我们推测:昌岭山地区两树种在未来十余年可能呈衰退态势,且分布于阳坡的油松受气候变化影响更大。树轮气候记录反映了腾格里沙漠南缘近170 a区域气候干湿变化,可为近百年来区域环境演变和腾格里沙漠边缘区荒漠化防治提供决策参考。

关键词: 树木年轮, 气候响应特征, 气候变化, PDSI, 沙漠化

Abstract: Based on the theory and method of dendrochronology, radial growth-climatic response characteristics and tree ring climate records of conifer species (Pinus tabulaeformis and Picea crassifolia) were discussed in the Changling Mountain, which lies at south margin of the Tengger Desert.The results showed that both species showed significant correlation with PDSI in the prior and growth season, but Pinus tabulaeformis was more susceptible to climate change, especially precipitation. Both chronologies have 4-year and 24-year cycles, which record consistent wet and dry changes in the study area. On the interdecadal scale, the chronology of both species indicates four major dry periods (1881-1885, 1890-1900, mid-1920s-early 1930s and late 1990s-early 2000s) and three major wet periods(1864-1876, around 1935, 1953-1956). Integrated wavelet analysis and regional climate warming trend, we predicted that the growth of individual plants and the development of communities of two tree species will be adversely affected, especially for Pinus tabulaeformis on the sunny slope. The tree-ring climate record reflects the regional climate change for nearly 170 years at south margin of the Tengger Desert, which provides a reference for understanding the environment evolution of the Tengger Desert in the past 100 years and desertification controlling in the desert marginal zone.

Key words: tree ring, climate response characteristics, climate change, PDSI, desertification

中图分类号:

P467

韩超, 肖生春, 丁爱军, 滕泽宇. 腾格里沙漠南缘青海云杉(Picea crassifolia)和油松(Pinus tabulaeformis)年轮记录的气候变化[J]. 中国沙漠, 2020, 40(2): 50-58.

Han Chao, Xiao Shengchun, Ding Aijun, Teng Zeyu. Radial growth climatic response characteristics and tree ring climate records of conifer species at south margin of Tengger Desert, China[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2020, 40(2): 50-58.

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