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中国沙漠 ›› 2024, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (6): 110-121.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2024.00064

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基于Budyko假设的昌马河流域径流变化归因分析

尹振良1,2(), 朱睿3, 方春爽3(), 杨华庆3, 陈泽霞1   

  1. 1.中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 干旱区生态安全与可持续发展重点实验室/国家冰川冻土沙漠科学数据中心,甘肃 兰州 730000
    2.山东科技大学 安全与环境工程学院,山东 青岛 266000
    3.兰州交通大学 测绘与地理信息学院/地理国情监测技术应用国家地方联合工程研究中心/甘肃省地理国情监测工程实验室,甘肃 兰州 730000
  • 收稿日期:2024-04-29 修回日期:2024-05-22 出版日期:2024-11-20 发布日期:2024-12-06
  • 通讯作者: 方春爽
  • 作者简介:方春爽(E-mail: 12211915@stu.lzjtu.edu.cn
    尹振良(1985—),男,山东安丘人,副研究员,主要从事水文过程模拟研究。E-mail: yinzhenliang@lzb.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(42161018);中国科学院青年创新促进会会员项目(2021424);甘肃省陇原青年创新创业人才团队项目(2023);中国工程院战略研究与咨询重点项目(2023-XZ-80);甘肃省首席科学家负责制项目(23ZDKA017)

Attribution analysis of runoff variations in the Changma River Basin based on the Budyko hypothesis

Zhenliang Yin1,2(), Rui Zhu3, Chunshuang Fang3(), Huaqing Yang3, Zexia Chen1   

  1. 1.Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands / National Cryosphere Desert Data Center,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China
    2.College of Safety and Environmental Engineering,Shandong University of Science and Technology,Qingdao 266000,Shandong,China
    3.Faculty of Geomatics / National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Technologies and Applications for National Geographic State Monitoring / Gansu Provincial Engineering Laboratory for National Geographic State Monitoring,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730000,China
  • Received:2024-04-29 Revised:2024-05-22 Online:2024-11-20 Published:2024-12-06
  • Contact: Chunshuang Fang

摘要:

昌马河是疏勒河的主要干流段,其径流变化对气候变化和下垫面变化极其敏感。以昌马河流域为研究对象,运用Budyko假设对径流变化进行归因分析。结果表明:(1)径流、气候和下垫面因子均具有明显的突变特征,气候特征总体上呈暖湿化趋势。(2)径流对降水量变化的敏感性最高,其次为下垫面和潜在蒸散发;气候变化和下垫面变化分别贡献径流量变化的37.31%和62.79%,下垫面变化是径流变化的主要原因,降水增加对径流变化起到次要作用。(3)叶面积指数是与径流变化最相关的影响因子,其次为降水量和土壤水分;气候变化引起下垫面变化能够在更大程度上解释径流变化。

关键词: 昌马河流域, 径流变化, 气候变化, Budyko假设

Abstract:

The high-quality economic development and the security of the oasis ecosystem in the middle and lower reaches of the Shule River Basin are intimately connected to the runoff emerging from the upper reaches. The Changma River, as the principal channel of the Shule River, exhibits extreme sensitivity to variations in climate and underlying surface changes. This study, focusing on the Changma River Basin and employing the Budyko hypothesis for the attribution analysis of runoff variations, arrives at the following primary conclusions: (1) Runoff, climate, and underlying surface factors all display pronounced characteristics of abrupt change, with the overall climate trend leaning towards warmer and more humid conditions. (2) Runoff exhibits the highest sensitivity to changes in precipitation, followed by underlying surface changes and potential evapotranspiration. In 1965-2015, the runoff in the Changma River demonstrated a significant increasing trend, with climate change (precipitation and potential evapotranspiration) and changes in the underlying surface contributing 37.31% and 62.79% to the runoff quantity changes, respectively. Changes in the underlying surface emerge as the predominant cause of runoff variations, with an increase in precipitation playing a secondary role. (3) The leaf area index is the factor most correlated with changes in runoff, followed by precipitation and soil water content. The change of underlying surface factors can explain the changes in runoff to a greater extent.

Key words: Changma River Basin, runoff change, climate change, Budyko hypothesis

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