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中国沙漠 ›› 2023, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (5): 85-96.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2023.00021

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呼伦贝尔沙地风成砂-古土壤剖面记录的全新世气候变化

赵延卓1(), 谢远云1,2(), 康春国3, 迟云平2, 孙磊1, 吴鹏1, 魏振宇1   

  1. 1.哈尔滨师范大学,地理科学学院,黑龙江 哈尔滨 150025
    2.哈尔滨师范大学,寒区地理环境监测与空间信息服务黑龙江省重点实验室,黑龙江 哈尔滨 150025
    3.哈尔滨学院 地理系,黑龙江 哈尔滨 150086
  • 收稿日期:2022-12-16 修回日期:2023-03-07 出版日期:2023-09-20 发布日期:2023-09-27
  • 通讯作者: 谢远云
  • 作者简介:谢远云(E-mail: xyy0451@hrbnu.edu.cn
    赵延卓(1999—),男,黑龙江哈尔滨人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为第四纪地质与环境演化。E-mail: 2391125525@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(42171006)

Holocene climate change recorded by paleosoil profile in Hulun Buir Sandy Land

Yanzhuo Zhao1(), Yuanyun Xie1,2(), Chunguo Kang3, Yunping Chi2, Lei Sun1, Peng Wu1, Zhenyu Wei1   

  1. 1.College of Geographic Science /, Harbin Normal University,Harbin 150025,China
    2.Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Geographical Environment Monitoring and Spatial Information Service in Cold Regions, Harbin Normal University,Harbin 150025,China
    3.Geography Department,Harbin Institute,Harbin 150086,China
  • Received:2022-12-16 Revised:2023-03-07 Online:2023-09-20 Published:2023-09-27
  • Contact: Yuanyun Xie

摘要:

沙地和沙漠是干旱半干旱地区重要的地质档案载体,记录着丰富的气候演化和沙漠变化信息,尤其是位于东亚温带季风区的呼伦贝尔沙地,蕴含着丰富的东亚季风和人类活动信息。然而受沙丘流动性影响及研究手段的匮乏,目前对于呼伦贝尔沙地全新世以来的气候信息知之甚少。本研究针对呼伦贝尔沙地两个典型风成砂-古土壤沉积序列,进行了多指标如粒度、磁化率、色度、地球化学和总有机碳(TOC)分析,同时结合岩性特征重建了呼伦贝尔沙地全新世以来的气候演化历史。结果表明:两个剖面古土壤层的细颗粒组分、磁化率、化学蚀变指数(CIA)、Rb/Sr、TOC呈高值,而(CaO+Na2O+MgO)/TiO2和亮度呈低值。此外,在6 356±31~2 235±51 cal. a BP和1 620±42~498±17 cal. a BP年龄阶段出现两个明显的变化趋势,指示了呼伦贝尔沙地气候向暖湿方向的逆转,且风成砂层(气候干冷)向古土壤层(气候暖湿)过渡是逐渐进行的,而由古土壤层(气候暖湿)向风成砂层(气候干冷)过渡是骤然变化的。通过与呼伦贝尔沙地古土壤年龄汇编对比,当前研究的古土壤发育年代与邻区的气候暖湿期对应较好,表明呼伦贝尔沙地的正逆演化过程受区域气候演化控制。沙地古土壤发育时间与太阳辐射高值相对应,表明太阳辐射驱动的东亚夏季风变化是呼伦贝尔沙地气候逆转的主要因素。此外,近2000年来人类活动的增强可能对风沙活动加剧造成了一定影响。

关键词: 呼伦贝尔沙地, 全新世, 气候变化, 风成砂-古土壤

Abstract:

Sand-desert is an important geological archive carrier in arid and semi-arid regions, recording rich climate evolution and desert changes, especially in Hulun Buir Sandy Land, located in the East Asian temperate monsoon region, which contains rich information about the East Asian monsoon and human activities. However, due to the impact of sand dune mobility and the lack of research methods, little is known about the climate information of Hulun Buir Sandy Land since the Holocene. Therefore, based on the two typical aeolian sand-paleosol sedimentary sequences in Hulun Buir Sandy Land, this paper has carried out multiple indicators such as grain size, magnetic susceptibility, color, geochemistry and TOC analysis, and combined with lithological characteristics, reconstructed the climate evolution history of Hulun Buir Sandy Land since the Holocene. The results show that the fine particle composition, magnetic susceptibility, CIA, Rb/Sr and TOC of the paleosol layer in the two sections are high, while (CaO+Na2O+MgO)/TiO2 and brightness are low. In addition, there are two obvious change trends in the age stages of 6 356±31-2 235±51 cal. a BP and 1 620±42-498±17 cal. a BP, indicating that the climate of Hulun Buir Sandy Land is reversed to the warm and wet direction, and the transition from the aeolian sand layer (dry and cold climate) to the paleosol layer (warm and wet climate) is gradual, while the transition from the paleosol layer (warm and wet climate) to the aeolian sand layer (dry and cold climate) is sudden change. By comparing with the compilation of paleosol ages in Hulun Buir Sandy Land, the paleosol development ages studied at present correspond well with the warm and humid climate periods in the adjacent area, indicating that the positive and negative evolution process of Hulun Buir Sandy Land is controlled by the regional climate evolution. The development time of the ancient soil in the sandy land corresponds to the high value of solar radiation, indicating that the change of the East Asian summer monsoon driven by solar radiation is the main factor for the climate reversal in Hulun Buir Sandy Land. In addition, the intensification of human activities in the past 2 000 years may have had a certain impact on the intensification of sandstorm activities.

Key words: Hulun Buir Sandy Land, holocene, climate change, aeolian sand-paleosol

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