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中国沙漠 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (6): 300-311.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2025.00071

• • 上一篇    

黑河中游荒漠-绿洲过渡带典型固沙植物周围风沙运动模拟

何娜娜1(), 胡广录1,2(), 陈坤1, 靳涛阳1, 田凯夫1   

  1. 1.兰州交通大学,环境与市政工程学院,甘肃 兰州 730070
    2.兰州交通大学,甘肃省黄河水环境重点实验室,甘肃 兰州 730070
  • 收稿日期:2025-01-06 修回日期:2025-03-27 出版日期:2025-11-20 发布日期:2025-11-26
  • 通讯作者: 胡广录
  • 作者简介:何娜娜(1996—),女,甘肃陇南人,硕士研究生,研究方向为资源与环境。E-mail: 635808543@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(41561102);国家自然科学基金项目(41867074);甘肃省水利厅水资源费预算项目(甘水建管发〔2019〕255号)

Numerical simulation of wind-sand movement around typical sand-fixing plants in the middle reaches of the Heihe River desert-oasis transition zone

Nana He1(), Guanglu Hu1,2(), Kun Chen1, Taoyang Jin1, Kaifu Tian1   

  1. 1.School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering /, Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,China
    2.Key Laboratory of Yellow River Water Environment in Gansu Province, Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,China
  • Received:2025-01-06 Revised:2025-03-27 Online:2025-11-20 Published:2025-11-26
  • Contact: Guanglu Hu

摘要:

黑河中游荒漠-绿洲过渡带典型固沙植物梭梭(Haloxylon ammodendron)、沙拐枣(Calligonum mongolicum)、泡泡刺(Nitraria sphaerocarpa)能够有效降低风沙活动强度,减轻荒漠化对绿洲的威胁,在维持绿洲生态系统安全稳定中发挥着重要作用。本文利用Fluent软件对梭梭、沙拐枣和泡泡刺周围的风速特征和积沙特征进行数值模拟,并采用野外试验观测数据加以验证。结果表明:(1)单株植物周围的流场可分为遇阻减速区、加速区、静风区和恢复区,并在植物背风面近地表层存在2个涡流区,其中涡流Ⅰ区是主要的积沙区。(2)梭梭、沙拐枣、泡泡刺在背风面1H距离处的最优防护高度分别为1.2~1.5、1.2~1.4、0.1~1.0 m。(3)3种植物在不同高度层的防风效应存在差异,近地表层的防风效果泡泡刺>沙拐枣>梭梭,而在中高空层为梭梭>沙拐枣>泡泡刺。(4)3种植物的阻沙能力表现为泡泡刺>梭梭>沙拐枣。综合3种植物防风固沙效应表现,在风蚀防治的实际应用中,可采用梭梭、沙拐枣与泡泡刺混交的配置方式,以发挥泡泡刺的固沙作用,同时利用梭梭和沙拐枣在中高空层的防风优势。

关键词: 荒漠-绿洲过渡带, 荒漠植物, 防风固沙效应, 数值模拟, 涡流

Abstract:

The typical sand-fixing plants in the desert-oasis transition zone in the middle reaches of the Heihe River, such as Haloxylon ammodendronCalligonum mongolicum, and Nitraria sphaerocarpa, are able to effectively reduce the intensity of wind-sand activities and mitigate the threat of desertification to the oasis, and play an important role in the maintenance of the security and stabilization of the ecological system of the oasis. They play an important role in maintaining the security and stability of oasis ecosystems. In this paper, we use Fluent software to numerically simulate the wind speed characteristics and sand accumulation characteristics around H. ammodendronC. mongolicum, and N. sphaerocarpa, and validate them by using field test observation data. The results show that: (1)The flow field around a single plant can be categorized into a blocked deceleration zone, an acceleration zone, a static wind zone, and a recovery zone, and there are two vortex zones near the ground on the leeward side of the plant, with vortex Ⅰ being the main sand accumulation zone. (2) The optimal protection heights of H. ammodendronC. mongolicum, and N. sphaerocarpa at 1H on the leeward side are 1.2-1.5 m, 1.2-1.4 m and 0.1-1.0 m, respectively. (3)There are differences in the wind protection effect of the three plants in different altitude layers, with the wind protection effect in the near-surface layer in the order of N. sphaerocarpa>C. mongolicum>H. ammodendron; and in the middle and high altitude layers, it is H. ammodendron >C. mongolicum>N. sphaerocarpa. (4)The sand-blocking ability of the three plant species is shown as N. sphaerocarpa > H. ammodendron > C. mongolicum. Comprehensive three kinds of plants windproof sand effect performance, in the practical application of wind erosion control, it is recommended to use shuttle, sand date and bubble thorn mixed configuration, in order to play bubble thorn sand fixation, while using shuttle and sand date in the middle and high altitude layer of the windproof advantages.

Key words: desert-oasis transition zone, desert plants, wind and sand breakup effect, numerical simulation, vortex

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