民勤绿洲荒漠梭梭(Haloxylon ammodendron)土壤水分特征

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2015.00051

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

利用时域反射仪(TDR)连续3个月监测了民勤绿洲荒漠区梭梭(Haloxylon ammodendron)土壤含水量(VSW)在不同月份晴、阴、雨天根幅区、非根幅区的空间动态变化,分析VSW与气象因子、树干液流的关系。结果表明:(1)日尺度下,晴天根幅区、非根幅区VSW日变化差值大于阴天。水平空间梯度,VSW最高日差值主要集中在茎基20、150 cm水平位点;垂直空间梯度,8月集中分布在浅土层,10月分布在深土层。晴、阴天VSW时间拐点存在较大差异,晴天VSW拐点频率高于阴天,但短时间内,晴、阴天对土壤水分影响程度较小。(2)降雨、雪时,20 cm水平位点出现“肥水”现象,因冠层截留、蒸发作用,150、250 cm水平位点VSW最低。(3)月尺度,根幅区,各月VSW水平变化趋势差异较大。8月20 cm位点VSW最低,而9、10月VSW随茎基由远及近依次增高。8 cm土层VSW水平变化规律不一致,而受植被根系影响,90 cm土层以下距茎基最近处VSW最高,但整体根幅区VSW略小于非根幅区。(4)根幅区,VSW与各外界因子相关程度依次为空气温度>空气湿度>降雨>净辐射>光合辐射。这为探究不同荒漠植被-土壤系统水分运移规律及其调控机理提供了一定的理论依据。

关键词: 荒漠区, 土壤水分, 气象因子, 时域反射仪

Abstract:

The temporal and spatial variation of soil moisture (VSM)was analyzed with the method of the time domain reflectometer (TDR) in an area dominated by Haloxylon ammodendron in the Minqin Desert-Oasis Ectone. The results showed that: From August to October, the range of soil volumetric moisture around roots in sunny days were larger than that in cloudy days. The higher soil water change areas were in the 20-cm or 150-cm level points in August and October. In vertical level, the areas of higher soil water change mainly distributed in shallow soil layer in August, while in deep soil layer in October. The month of VSW higher changes was October only in the area without roots. The soil moisture in different points existed a vital difference in the three months. There were differences in the time points of soil moisture change. When snowing, the rich water phenomenon was showed in the 20-cm level point, but the VSW of the 150-cm and 250-cm level points were the lowest because of the canopy interception and evaporation. The trends of VSW showed vitally difference in level and vertical gradient aspects respectively. For instance, the site of the lowest VSW was 20 cm in August, while the VSW gradually increased with a shorter distance to the stems in September and October. Totally, the VSW in root area was lower than area without root. In the root zone, average daily VSW was affected by environment factors in an order: air temperature>humidity of the air>rainfall>net radiation>photosynthetic radiation.

Key words: desert-oasis ectone, soil moisture, meteorological factors, the time domain reflectometer (TDR)

中图分类号:

S152.7

张晓艳, 褚建民, 孟平, 张天一, 高明远, 李得禄. 民勤绿洲荒漠梭梭(Haloxylon ammodendron)土壤水分特征[J]. 中国沙漠, 2015, 35(5): 1206-1216.

Zhang Xiaoyan, Chu Jianmin, Meng Ping, Zhang Tianyi, Gao Mingyuan, Li Delu. Characteristics of Soil Moisture in the Area Growing Haloxylon ammodendron in the Minqin Desert-Oasis Ectone[J]. JOURNAL OF DESERT RESEARCH, 2015, 35(5): 1206-1216.

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