关键词: 石羊河流域, 地下水动态类型, 地下水位下降, 地下水亏空状况, 模拟分析

Abstract: Due to the strong evaporation and slow circulation rate of the groundwater,together with serious shortage of the surface water supply and overuse of the groundwater resources in recent years in the lower reach of Shiyang river basin,the environment here has suffered from a series of eco-environmental problems such as the lowering groundwater table,vegetable degeneracy,land salinization and desertification,etc.If no effective measures are taken,the deterioration of the eco-environment of this vast area will be unavoidable.There is an eminent positive correlation between the lowering of the groundwater table and the increasing water mineralization,especially in the lower reach area,the increasing tendency of groundwater mineralization is extremely clear.According to the main controls on groundwater dynamic status,the dynamic types of the groundwater in Shiyang river basin can be classified into five types,that is,evaporation type,exploitation type,runoff-exploitation type,infiltration type and evaporation-exploitation type.Based on these studies and in combination with the measured data on groundwater table and water quality in Shiyang River over a long term,the lowering trends and shortage status of the groundwater in the study area have been simulated.As a result of simulation,it can be seen that the groundwater table is continuously lowering in nearly forty years and the shortage of groundwater is steadily rising,which also shows an accelerating tendency in recent years.In 1960,the groundwater shortage of Wuwei and Minqing basins was 1.74×10⁸ m³,and this figure reached 4.52×10⁸ m³ in 1998.If such a situation continues,it is predicted that this figure will be up to 6.7×10⁸ m³ in 2010,implying that the eco-environment here will be influenced seriously.

Key words: Shiyang river basin, dynamic types of groundwater, lowering of groundwater table, shortage situation of groundwater, simulation analysis