青海湖东岸沙地风沙活动特征

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2019.00040

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 风况、输沙势和输沙量是评价区域风沙活动特征的重要指标。以青海湖东岸的克土沙区为研究区域，利用2013-2014年和2016-2017年风速风向数据及全方位集沙仪的集沙数据，比较分析本区的风沙活动特征。结果表明：（1）2013-2014年，研究区平均风速为2.79 m·s^-1，起沙风出现频率为6.76%；2016-2017年，研究区平均风速为2.63 m·s^-1，起沙风出现频率为6.13%；（2）起沙风风向均以WSW-WNW和ESE-SSE两个方向为主，偏西方向的起沙风增加而东南方向起沙风减少；（3）输沙势季节变化特征基本一致，均表现为春季输沙势最大，夏季输沙势最小；从输沙势年变化趋势来看，本区总体上属于低风能环境；（4）输沙量差异显著，2016-2017年观测点的输沙量比2013-2014年少77.18 kg，但输沙量分布的方向基本一致。植被盖度增加是输沙量减少的主要原因。

关键词: 风沙活动, 起沙风况, 输沙势, 输沙量

Abstract: Wind regime, sand drift potential and sand transport amount are important indicators to evaluate regional blown sand activities. This paper took Ketu sandy land on the eastern shore of the Qinghai Lake as study area. The sand transport amount data were collected monthly in 2013-2014 and 2016-2017 with 16-azimuth sand collector, and data of local wind velocity and direction were used to compare and analyze the typical blown sand activities. The results were as follows:(1) In 2013-2014, the mean wind velocity in the study area was 2.79 m·s^-1, and the frequency of sand-driving wind was 6.76%, while they were 2.63 m·s^-1 and 6.13% in 2016-2017, respectively. (2) The directions of the sand-driving wind in two years were similar, clearly from WSW-WNW and ESE-SSE. The frequency of western wind increased whereas the frequency of southeastern wind decreased. (3) The seasonal variation of sand drift potential in two years were similar with the largest in spring and the smallest in summer. According to the annual variation trend of sand drift potential, the study area was belong to low wind energy environment. (4) There is a significant difference in sand transport amount between the two years. The amount in 2016-2017 was 77.18 kg less than that in 2013-2014, while the distribution of sand transport was similar. The increase of vegetation coverage in this area is the main reason for the decrease of sand transport amount.

Key words: blown sand activities, sand-driving wind regime, sand drift potential, sand transport amount

中图分类号:

P931.3

汪海娇, 田丽慧, 张登山, 吴汪洋, 张明远, 张宏巍, 王俏雨, 周鑫. 青海湖东岸沙地风沙活动特征[J]. 中国沙漠, 2020, 40(1): 49-56.

Wang Haijiao, Tian Lihui, Zhang Dengshan, Wu Wangyang, Zhang Mingyuan, Zhang Hongwei, Wang Qiaoyu, Zhou Xin. Characteristics of blown sand activities in sandy land on the eastern shore of the Qinghai Lake of China[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2020, 40(1): 49-56.

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