柴达木盆地风况及输沙势特征

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2019.00090

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 利用柴达木盆地13个气象站的风资料，分析了盆地风况和输沙势的变化特征。结果表明：（1）盆地年平均风速2.0~4.4 m·s^-1，自盆地南、北边缘山地到盆地中部逐渐降低。盆地西部主风向为偏西风，风向较集中；东部主风向为偏东风，风向较分散。（2）盆地年平均起沙风速7.0~8.2 m·s^-1，起沙风频率5.1%~26.1%，主要发生在冬、春季，风向以WNW和W为主。（3）盆地输沙势34.0~462.3 VU，盆地西北部属于高风能环境，中部及东南部属于低-中风能环境，方向变率0.45~0.91，风况为窄单峰或宽单峰风况，盆地西北部和东南部差异较大，东部德令哈站与其他地区的合成输沙势方向相反。

关键词: 风况, 起沙风, 输沙势, 柴达木盆地

Abstract: Based on the wind data of 13 meteorological stations in Qaidam Basin, this paper analyzed the variation characteristics of the wind regime and sand drift potential. The results show that:(1) The annual mean wind velocity ranges in 2.0-4.4 m·s^-1 in Qaidam Basin, and it decreases gradually from the mountainous area of southern and northern edge to the central part of the Basin. The main wind direction of the stations in the western part of the Basin is westerly and the direction is more concentrated. While, it is easterly in the eastern part of the Basin, its direction is opposite to the overall wind direction of the Basin and is more dispersed. (2) The average annual sand-driving wind velocity ranges in 7.0-8.2 m·s^-1 in the Basin, and its frequency ranges in 5.1%-26.1%. It mainly occurs in winter and spring, and is mainly distributed in WNW and W directions. (3) The sand drift potential of the Basin ranges in 34.0-462.3 VU, the northwestern part of the Basin belongs to high wind energy environment, and the central and southeastern part of the Basin belongs to low-middle wind energy environment. The wind direction variability ranges in 0.45-0.91, and wind regime is narrow unimodal or wide unimodal. The difference between the northwestern and southeastern part of the basin is great. The RDD of Delingha station is opposite to other places of the Basin.

Key words: wind regime, sand-driving wind, sand drift potential, Qaidam Basin

中图分类号:

P931.3

陈宗颜, 董治宝, 汪青春, 鄂崇毅, 刘飞. 柴达木盆地风况及输沙势特征[J]. 中国沙漠, 2020, 40(1): 195-203.

Chen Zongyan, Dong Zhibao, Wang Qingchun, E Chongyi, Liu Fei. Characteristics of wind regime and sand drift potential in Qaidam Basin of China[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2020, 40(1): 195-203.

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