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中国沙漠 ›› 2024, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (4): 24-36.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2024.00012

• • 上一篇    下一篇

和田河下游灌丛沙堆表层沉积物粒度和分形特征

肖佳奇1(), 武胜利1,2(), 陈鹏鹏1   

  1. 1.新疆师范大学 地理科学与旅游学院,新疆 乌鲁木齐 830054
    2.新疆维吾尔自治区高等学校师资培训中心,新疆 乌鲁木齐 830054
  • 收稿日期:2023-12-07 修回日期:2024-01-19 出版日期:2024-07-20 发布日期:2024-08-29
  • 通讯作者: 武胜利
  • 作者简介:武胜利(E-mail: wushengli77@126.com
    肖佳奇(1999—),女,吉林扶余人,硕士研究生,主要从事风沙地貌研究。E-mail: 3048596834@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    新疆维吾尔自治区科技支撑专项(HY-2.3)

Grain size and fractal characteristics of surface sediments of nebkhas in the lower reaches of Hetian River, Xinjiang, China

Jiaqi Xiao1(), Shengli Wu1,2(), Pengpeng Chen1   

  1. 1.School of Geography and Tourism,Xinjiang Normal University,Urumqi 830054,China
    2.Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Higher Education Teacher Training Center,Urumqi 830054,China
  • Received:2023-12-07 Revised:2024-01-19 Online:2024-07-20 Published:2024-08-29
  • Contact: Shengli Wu

摘要:

灌丛沙堆的研究对区域生态环境保护、沙漠化防治、环境演变分析具有重要的意义。对和田河下游胡杨(Populus euphratica)沙堆、柽柳(Tamarix)沙堆不同地貌部位沙堆表层沉积物粒度和分形特征进行了分析。结果表明:(1)沙堆表层沉积物粒级含量有所差异,胡杨沙堆、柽柳沙堆表层沉积物含量分别为93.67%、90.17%,主要由极细砂、细砂、粗粉砂组成。(2)沙堆各地貌部位沉积物粒径具有一定的变化规律,胡杨沙堆、柽柳沙堆的平均粒径均表现为从迎风坡坡脚至沙堆顶部逐渐变细,从沙堆顶部至背风坡坡脚逐渐变粗。胡杨沙堆和柽柳沙堆粒度频率分布曲线呈双峰分布,胡杨沙堆粒度频率分布曲线较高较窄,粒径更集中。(3)在沙堆表层沉积物概率累积曲线中,沿主风向胡杨沙堆表层沉积物粒度概率累积曲线的跃移组分斜率较大,分选性较好,跃移组分含量比柽柳沙堆高7.25%;柽柳沙堆悬移组分含量比胡杨沙堆高5.84%。(4)沙堆表层沙物质分形维数与平均粒径显著负相关(P<0.05),与分选系数、偏度、峰态均显著正相关(P<0.05)。不同类型沙堆表层沙物质分形维数与黏土、极细粉砂、细粉砂、中细粉砂、粗粉砂含量均呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),其中与黏土含量正相关性最高;与细砂呈显著负相关(P<0.01)。区域风动力条件、植物形态特征、植被覆盖度及沙物质的来源是和田河下游沙堆表层沉积物粒度及分形特征出现差异的主要原因。

关键词: 粒径特征, 分形维数, 沉积环境, 和田河下游

Abstract:

The study of nebkha is of great significance to regional ecological environment protection, desertification control and environmental evolution analysis. The grain size and fractal characteristics of surface sediments of Populus euphratica nabkha and Tamarix nabkha in different geomorphologic parts of Hetian River Basin were analyzed, and the differences were analyzed. The results show that: (1) The surface sediment content of different nebkhas is different. The surface sediment of Populus euphratica nabkha and Tamarix nabkha is mainly composed of extremely fine sand, fine sand and coarse silt, and the total percentage content is 93.67% and 90.17% respectively. (2) Sediment grain size of each geomorphologic part of different types of nebkhas has a certain rule of change. The average grain size of Populus euphratica nabkha and Tamarix nabkha is gradually thinner from the foot of the windward slope to the top of the sand pile, and gradually coarser from the top of the sand pile to the foot of the lee slope. The grain size frequency distribution curves of Populus euphratica nabkha and Tamarix nabkha are bimodal, in which the grain size frequency distribution curve of Populus euphratica nabkha is higher and narrower, and the particle size is more concentrated. (3) In the surface sediment probability cumulative curve, the saltation component slope of Populus euphratica nabkha along the main wind direction is larger, the sorting ability is better, and the saltation component content is 7.25% higher than that of Tamarix nabkha. The suspended component content of Tamarisk nabkha is 5.84% higher than that of Populus euphratica nabkha. (4) There is a significant negative correlation between the fractal dimension of surface sand and the average particle size (P<0.05). The sorting coefficient, skewness and peak state are significantly positively correlated (P<0.05). There is a significant positive correlation between the fractal dimension and the content of clay, very fine silt, fine silt, medium fine silt and coarse silt (P<0.01), and the positive correlation between the fractal dimension and clay content is the highest. There is a significant negative correlation with fine sand (P<0.01). Regional wind dynamic conditions, plant morphologic characteristic, vegetation coverage and the source of sand material are the main reasons for the difference in grain size and fractal characteristics of surface sediments of different types of sand piles in Hetian River Basin.

Key words: particle size characteristics, fractal dimension, sedimentary environment, lower reaches of Hetian River

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