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中国沙漠 ›› 2024, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (5): 182-194.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2024.00019

• • 上一篇    下一篇

19802020年宁夏生态服务价值与生态风险特征

王宵1,2(), 刘冰1,3(), 赵文智1,3, 秦伟春4, 张波4, 朱睿4, 尤万学4   

  1. 1.中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 干旱区生态安全与可持续发展全国重点实验室/临泽内陆河流域研究站,甘肃 兰州 730000
    2.中国科学院大学,北京 100049
    3.中国 -伊朗干旱区农业与生态联合实验室,甘肃 兰州 730000
    4.宁夏中卫沙坡头国家级自然保护区管理局,宁夏 中卫 751700
  • 收稿日期:2023-11-03 修回日期:2024-01-16 出版日期:2024-09-20 发布日期:2024-10-15
  • 通讯作者: 刘冰
  • 作者简介:刘冰(E-mail: liubing@lzb.ac.cn
    王宵(2000—),男,甘肃会宁人,硕士研究生,研究方向为生态水文学。E-mail: wangxiao22@nieer.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    宁夏沙坡头规模化防沙治沙试点项目生态监测工程项目(宁沙管合字〔2021〕08号);国家自然科学基金项目(42071048);甘肃省科技重大专项-国际科技合作类项目(22ZD6WA036)

Characteristics of ecological service value and ecological risk changes in NingxiaChina in 1980-2020

Xiao Wang1,2(), Bing Liu1,3(), Wenzhi Zhao1,3, Weichun Qin4, Bo Zhang4, Rui Zhu4, Wanxue You4   

  1. 1.Key Laboratory of Ecological Security and Sustainable Development in Arid Regions / Linze Inland River Basin Research Station,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China
    2.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China
    3.China and Iran Joint Laboratory on Agriculture and Ecology in Arid Regions,Lanzhou 730000,China
    4.Zhongwei Shapotou National Nature Reserve Administration,Zhongwei 751700,Ningxia,China
  • Received:2023-11-03 Revised:2024-01-16 Online:2024-09-20 Published:2024-10-15
  • Contact: Bing Liu

摘要:

综合评估生态服务价值和生态风险,将为区域生态安全格局构建和可持续发展提供决策依据。以宁夏回族自治区为对象,综合应用ArcGIS、ENVI、Fragststs和GeoDa等软件,结合1980、1990、2000、2010、2020年土地利用数据,研究了生态服务价值和生态风险的时空变化特征及其关联性。结果表明:(1)1980—2020年土地面积比例顺序依次为草地(47.60%±2.51%)、耕地(33.22%±1.77%)、未利用地(9.70%±0.31%)、林地(4.58%±0.43%)、建设用地(2.63±1.09%)、水域(1.95%±0.17%),土地类型变化显著,耕地、林地和建设用地面积增加,而草地、水域和未利用地减少;(2)生态服务价值总体下降6.44%,以调节和支持服务为主,约占总价值的85.90%;(3)生态风险指数整体上升5.33%,中、高生态风险等级面积有所增加;(4)全局Moran's I指数都接近于0,生态服务价值和生态风险在空间分布上无明显聚集或离散趋势,高价值-高风险区总体上略有扩大,高价值-低风险区保持相对稳定;总体上,2000年后宁夏生态风险有所减轻。

关键词: 土地利用, 生态服务价值, 生态风险, 时空关联, 空间自相关

Abstract:

Comprehensive assessment of ecological service value and ecological risk will provide decision support and reference basis for the construction of regional ecological security pattern and sustainable development. Taking Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region as the research object, we comprehensively applied ArcGIS, ENVI, Fragststs and GeoDa software, combined with 1980, 1990, 2000, 2010 and 2020 land-use data, to quantitatively study the spatial and temporal characteristics of the ecological service value and ecological risk, as well as their correlation. The results showed that:(1) From 1980 to 2020, the land area was in the order of grassland (47.60%±2.51%), cropland (33.22%±1.77%), unutilized land (9.70%±0.31%), forest land (4.58%±0.43%), construction land (2.63±1.09%), and watershed (1.95%±0.17%). Land types changed significantly, with the areas of cropland, forest land and construction land increasing, while grassland, watershed and unused land decreased. (2) The value of ecological services decreased by 6.44% overall, with regulating and supporting services dominating, accounting for about 85.90% of the total value. (3) The ecological risk index increased by 5.33% overall, with the areas of medium and high ecological risk classes increasing. (4) The global Moran's I index are close to 0, there is no obvious trend of aggregation or dispersion in the spatial distribution of ecological service value and ecological risk, the high-value-high-risk area has slightly expanded in general, and the high-value-low-risk area has remained relatively stable. in general, the ecological risk of the Ningxia Autonomous Region has been reduced after 2000.

Key words: land use, ecological service value, ecological risk, spatio-temporal correlation, spatial autocorrelation

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