Promoting effect of biological soil crusts succession on soil nitrogen transformation and microbial activity in water-wind erosion crisscross region of Loess Plateau

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2022.00139

Journal of Desert Research ›› 2023, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (4): 191-199.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2022.00139

Promoting effect of biological soil crusts succession on soil nitrogen transformation and microbial activity in water-wind erosion crisscross region of Loess Plateau

Bingjie Jiao¹(), Bingchang Zhang¹(), Kang Zhao², Lixia Yan¹, Zhifang Wu¹^,³

^1.School of Geographical Sciences /, Shanxi Normal University，Taiyuan 030000，China
^2.School of Life Science, Shanxi Normal University，Taiyuan 030000，China
^3.The First Senior High School of Funing，Funing 224400，Jiangsu，China

Received:2022-10-16 Revised:2022-11-23 Online:2023-07-20 Published:2023-08-14
Contact: Bingchang Zhang

Abstract

Abstract:

Biological soil crusts （BSCs） are widely developed and play critical ecological functions in water-wind erosion crisscross region on the Loess Plateau. In this paper， we analyze the response of soil nitrogen contents （SOC， TN， NH $4 +$ -N， NO $3 -$ -N）， enzyme activities related with N， and microbial biomass to BSCs succession and their changing properties in different soil layers BSCs and deeper soil. The results indicated that BSCs succession significantly increase the contents of organic C and nitrate （NO $3 -$ -N）. The TN， NH $4 +$ -N contents also gradually increased in the late stage of biological nodulation. Except urease and nitrite reductase， the activities of nitrogenase， nitrogenase， protease， nitrate reductase in BSCs showed a significant increase trend with BSCs succession （P<0.05）. The microbial biomass C， N（MBC， MBN） also represented the same trend. Bacteria and fungi likewise increase in number later in the crusting succession. Most of the soil nutrient， enzyme activity and microorganism quantity in BSCs were significantly higher than those in 0-5 cm soil layer below BSCs （P<0.05）. In 0-5 cm soil layer， the content of organic carbon and nitrate reductase activities in BSCs showed no significant differences among algal crusts， lichen crusts and moss crusts， but were significantly higher than those in the bare soil. Urease activity and microbial biomass N were the highest in 0-5 cm soil layer below moss crusts and significantly higher than in same soil layer under algal crust and bare soil. In the process of BSCs succession， the accumulation of soil organic carbon increase MBC， MBN and the number of bacteria and fungi. The N-related microorganism improve the content of nitrogen and enzyme activities related N in BSCs and play a key roles in N accumulation and transformation. They provide valuable nutrients for plant reproduction and growth， then promote soil and water conservation， and surface stability in water and wind erosion crisscross in the loess plateau.

Key words: wind-water erosion crisscross region, biological soil crusts, soil nutrient, soil microbial biomass, soil enzyme activity

CLC Number:

Q948.1

Bingjie Jiao, Bingchang Zhang, Kang Zhao, Lixia Yan, Zhifang Wu. Promoting effect of biological soil crusts succession on soil nitrogen transformation and microbial activity in water-wind erosion crisscross region of Loess Plateau[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2023, 43(4): 191-199.

Figures/Tables 7

Fig.1 Soil organic carbon in different types of biological soil crusts

Fig.2 Soil TN，NH4+-N，NO3--N contents in different types of biological soil crusts

Fig.3 Nitrogen conversion related enzyme activities in different types of biological soil crusts

Fig.4 Microbial biomass in different types of biological soil crusts

Table 1 Correlation analysis of soil nutrients and microbial biomass in the biological soil crusts

土壤养分	细菌	真菌	放线菌	微生物量碳(MBC)	微生物量氮(MBN)
有机碳(SOC)	0.423^*	0.192	-0.041	0.610^**	0.421^*
全氮(TN)	0.206	0.516^*	0.003	0.386	0.246
铵态氮(NH $4 +$ -N)	0.003	0.134	0.073	0.120	0.409^*
硝态氮(NO $3 -$ -N)	-0.141	0.208	0.009	0.447^*	0.599^**
碳氮比(C/N)	-0.066	-0.232	-0.027	-0.288	-0.326

Table 1 Correlation analysis of soil nutrients and microbial biomass in the biological soil crusts

土壤养分	细菌	真菌	放线菌	微生物量碳(MBC)	微生物量氮(MBN)
有机碳(SOC)	0.423^*	0.192	-0.041	0.610^**	0.421^*
全氮(TN)	0.206	0.516^*	0.003	0.386	0.246
铵态氮(NH $4 +$ -N)	0.003	0.134	0.073	0.120	0.409^*
硝态氮(NO $3 -$ -N)	-0.141	0.208	0.009	0.447^*	0.599^**
碳氮比(C/N)	-0.066	-0.232	-0.027	-0.288	-0.326

Table 2 Correlation analysis of microbial biomass and nitrogen invertase activity in the biological soil crusts

	固氮酶活性	脲酶活性	蛋白酶活性	亚硝酸还原酶活性	硝酸还原酶活性
细菌	0.030	0.326^*	0.412^**	0.425^**	0.512^**
真菌	0.130	0.088	0.085	-0.274^*	-0.031
放线菌	0.428^**	0.124	0.215	0.178	0.132
微生物量碳(MBC)	-0.179	0.089	0.444^*	-0.021	0.110
微生物量氮(MBN)	0.055	0.224	0.275	0.092	0.028

Table 3 Correlation analysis of soil nutrients and nitrogen invertase activity in the biological soil crusts

土壤养分	固氮酶活性	脲酶活性	蛋白酶活性	亚硝酸还原酶活性	硝酸还原酶活性
有机碳(SOC)	0.175	0.333^**	0.390^**	0.095	0.264^*
全氮(TN)	0.355	0.427	0.306	-0.520^*	0.081
铵态氮(NH $4 +$ -N)	0.320	0.071	0.204	-0.257^*	-0.132
硝态氮(NO $3 -$ -N)	0.930	0.188	0.244	-0.354^**	-0.089
碳氮比(C/N)	0.119	-0.289	-0.251	0.235	-0.241

Table 3 Correlation analysis of soil nutrients and nitrogen invertase activity in the biological soil crusts

土壤养分	固氮酶活性	脲酶活性	蛋白酶活性	亚硝酸还原酶活性	硝酸还原酶活性
有机碳(SOC)	0.175	0.333^**	0.390^**	0.095	0.264^*
全氮(TN)	0.355	0.427	0.306	-0.520^*	0.081
铵态氮(NH $4 +$ -N)	0.320	0.071	0.204	-0.257^*	-0.132
硝态氮(NO $3 -$ -N)	0.930	0.188	0.244	-0.354^**	-0.089
碳氮比(C/N)	0.119	-0.289	-0.251	0.235	-0.241

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Promoting effect of biological soil crusts succession on soil nitrogen transformation and microbial activity in water-wind erosion crisscross region of Loess Plateau

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