Enzyme activity characteristics and their influencing factors of different biocrusts around thermal plant in Mu Us Sandy Land

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2023.00011

Journal of Desert Research ›› 2023, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (4): 209-219.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2023.00011

Enzyme activity characteristics and their influencing factors of different biocrusts around thermal plant in Mu Us Sandy Land

Rongrong Wang¹(), Jin Fan¹, Shixiang Cong¹, Hailong Yu¹(), Juying Huang²

^1.School of Geography and Planning /, Ningxia University，Yinchuan 750021，China
^2.School of Ecology and Environment, Ningxia University，Yinchuan 750021，China

Received:2022-10-21 Revised:2023-02-20 Online:2023-07-20 Published:2023-08-14
Contact: Hailong Yu

Abstract

Abstract:

To explore the heavy metals from atmospheric dust fall enriched by different biocrusts in mining area how influence the enzyme activities of biocrust and its subsoil， three types of biocrusts wide-spread area around typical thermal power station in Ningdong Energy Industrial Base were selected as study objects. Based on comparison analysis of the changes of soil physicochemical properties， and heavy metal contents during the process of the enrichment of atmospheric dust fall by biocrusts， the relationship between enzyme activities of biocrustal layer and subsoil and heavy metal contents， soil physicochemical properties were analyzed by using the methods of correlation analysis， redundancy analysis. The results indicated that：（1） Along with the succession direction of algal crust， mixed crust， and moss crust， the contents of soil organic carbon， total nitrogen， total phosphorus of biocrustal layers significantly increased， while bulk density and pH value decreased. （2） Biocrusts had significant surface enrichment effect on heavy metal elements derived from atmospheric dust fall， and demonstrated a consistent law among biocrusts of different types as followed Moss crust >Mixed crust >Algal crust. The geoaccumulation index evaluation results indicated that the heavy metal pollution level of biocrustal layers were higher than those of subsoils. （3） Along with the succession direction of algal crust， mixed crust， and moss crust， the activities of four kinds of enzymes exhibited a consistent order as followed Moss crust>Mixed crust>Algal crust. （4） Correlation and redundancy analysis indicated that heavy metals such as Zn， Pb， Cd and soil physicochemical properties such as soil organic matter， pH， bulk density， total nitrogen were the main factors that influencing the enzymatic activity of biocrusts. Compared with heavy metal pollution， soil physicochemical properties showed a bigger influence on soil enzyme activities.

Key words: biocrust, enzyme activity, soil nutrient, heavy metal, Mu Us Sandy Land

CLC Number:

Q948.1

Rongrong Wang, Jin Fan, Shixiang Cong, Hailong Yu, Juying Huang. Enzyme activity characteristics and their influencing factors of different biocrusts around thermal plant in Mu Us Sandy Land[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2023, 43(4): 209-219.

Figures/Tables 10

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生物结皮类型	厚度/mm	覆盖度/%	优势种	生物量/(mg·g^-1)
藻结皮	4.50±0.31^a	82	具鞘微鞘藻(Microcolus vaginatus)、念珠藻(Nostoc commune Vauch)、隐头舟形藻(Navicula cryptocephala)	11.23±0.05^a
混生结皮	5.53±0.34^b	86	具鞘微鞘藻、念珠藻、石果衣（Endocarpon pusillum）、糙聚盘衣（Glypholecia scabra）	18.15±0.01^b
藓结皮	7.73±0.49^c	74	真藓(Bryum argenteum Hedw)、土生对齿藓(Didymodon vinealis)、盐土藓(Pterygoneurum subsessile)、厚肋流苏藓(Crossidium crassinerve)	31.07±0.02^c

生物结皮类型	厚度/mm	覆盖度/%	优势种	生物量/(mg·g^-1)
藻结皮	4.50±0.31^a	82	具鞘微鞘藻(Microcolus vaginatus)、念珠藻(Nostoc commune Vauch)、隐头舟形藻(Navicula cryptocephala)	11.23±0.05^a
混生结皮	5.53±0.34^b	86	具鞘微鞘藻、念珠藻、石果衣（Endocarpon pusillum）、糙聚盘衣（Glypholecia scabra）	18.15±0.01^b
藓结皮	7.73±0.49^c	74	真藓(Bryum argenteum Hedw)、土生对齿藓(Didymodon vinealis)、盐土藓(Pterygoneurum subsessile)、厚肋流苏藓(Crossidium crassinerve)	31.07±0.02^c

样品	土层	黏粒 /%	粉粒 /%	砂粒 /%	容重 /(g·cm^-3)	有机碳 /(g·kg^-1)	全氮 /(g·kg^-1)	全磷 /(g·kg^-1)	pH
藻结皮	结皮层	7.82±1.39^Aa	47.31±2.94^Aa	44.88±3.05^ABa	1.12±0.05^Aa	14.75±0.38^Aa	1.30±0.06^Aa	0.54±0.05^Aa	8.35±0.01^Aa
	0~5 cm	5.76±0.16^Ba	47.23±4.05^Aa	47.00±4.19^ABa	1.27±0.01^Bab	3.88±0.55^Ba	0.80±0.06^Ba	0.46±0.02^ABa	8.72±0.02^Ba
	5~10 cm	4.55±0.29^Ba	44.30±0.41^Aab	51.15±0.53^Aa	1.39±0.05^Ba	3.68±0.27^Ba	0.77±0.04^Ba	0.39±0.02^ABa	8.82±0.06^Ba
	10~20 cm	7.78±2.87^Aa	49.34±3.57^Aa	42.88±2.89^Ba	1.41±0.06^Bb	3.45±0.19^Ba	0.83±0.04^Ba	0.32±0.06^Ba	8.74±0.13^Ba
混生结皮	结皮层	4.96±0.18^Ab	48.47±0.50^ABa	46.57±0.59^Aa	1.10±0.03^Aa	15.82±1.42^Aa	1.42±0.10^Aa	0.58±0.02^Aa	8.37±0.03^Aa
	0~5 cm	4.42±0.17^Aa	43.13±1.22^Bab	52.45±1.39^Ba	1.33±0.03^Ba	4.55±0.10^Ba	0.82±0.03^Ba	0.47±0.01^Ba	8.99±0.01^Bb
	5~10 cm	4.34±0.18^Aa	46.83±1.46^ABa	48.84±1.47^ABa	1.30±0.05^Bb	4.64±0.42^Ba	0.77±0.07^Ba	0.40±0.01^Ca	9.03±0.04^Bb
	10~20 cm	5.71±0.91^Aa	49.31±2.67^Aa	44.98±3.58^Aa	1.36±0.04^Bb	4.27±0.21^Ba	0.72±0.05^Ba	0.37±0.02^Da	8.84±0.05^Ba
藓结皮	结皮层	3.97±0.22^Ab	46.98±0.43^Aa	49.05±0.54^Aa	1.05±0.01^Aa	23.67±2.64^Ab	1.89±0.21^Aa	0.79±0.01^Ab	8.22±0.09^Ab
	0~5 cm	5.50±0.91^Aa	41.32±0.78^Ab	53.19±1.45^Aa	1.18±0.04^Bb	4.80±0.25^Ba	0.95±0.05^Ba	0.51±0.05^Ba	8.83±0.09^Bab
	5~10 cm	8.36±4.43^ABb	40.71±2.32^Ab	50.94±5.50^Aa	1.34±0.05^Bb	4.29±0.25^Ba	1.04±0.07^Bb	0.42±0.01^BCa	9.02±0.07^Bb
	10~20 cm	14.17±8.85^Bb	46.46±3.70^Aa	39.38±5.94^Ba	1.37±0.06^Bb	4.68±0.68^Ba	0.88±0.05^Ba	0.36±0.03^Ca	8.95±0.13^Ba

样品	土层	黏粒 /%	粉粒 /%	砂粒 /%	容重 /(g·cm^-3)	有机碳 /(g·kg^-1)	全氮 /(g·kg^-1)	全磷 /(g·kg^-1)	pH
藻结皮	结皮层	7.82±1.39^Aa	47.31±2.94^Aa	44.88±3.05^ABa	1.12±0.05^Aa	14.75±0.38^Aa	1.30±0.06^Aa	0.54±0.05^Aa	8.35±0.01^Aa
	0~5 cm	5.76±0.16^Ba	47.23±4.05^Aa	47.00±4.19^ABa	1.27±0.01^Bab	3.88±0.55^Ba	0.80±0.06^Ba	0.46±0.02^ABa	8.72±0.02^Ba
	5~10 cm	4.55±0.29^Ba	44.30±0.41^Aab	51.15±0.53^Aa	1.39±0.05^Ba	3.68±0.27^Ba	0.77±0.04^Ba	0.39±0.02^ABa	8.82±0.06^Ba
	10~20 cm	7.78±2.87^Aa	49.34±3.57^Aa	42.88±2.89^Ba	1.41±0.06^Bb	3.45±0.19^Ba	0.83±0.04^Ba	0.32±0.06^Ba	8.74±0.13^Ba
混生结皮	结皮层	4.96±0.18^Ab	48.47±0.50^ABa	46.57±0.59^Aa	1.10±0.03^Aa	15.82±1.42^Aa	1.42±0.10^Aa	0.58±0.02^Aa	8.37±0.03^Aa
	0~5 cm	4.42±0.17^Aa	43.13±1.22^Bab	52.45±1.39^Ba	1.33±0.03^Ba	4.55±0.10^Ba	0.82±0.03^Ba	0.47±0.01^Ba	8.99±0.01^Bb
	5~10 cm	4.34±0.18^Aa	46.83±1.46^ABa	48.84±1.47^ABa	1.30±0.05^Bb	4.64±0.42^Ba	0.77±0.07^Ba	0.40±0.01^Ca	9.03±0.04^Bb
	10~20 cm	5.71±0.91^Aa	49.31±2.67^Aa	44.98±3.58^Aa	1.36±0.04^Bb	4.27±0.21^Ba	0.72±0.05^Ba	0.37±0.02^Da	8.84±0.05^Ba
藓结皮	结皮层	3.97±0.22^Ab	46.98±0.43^Aa	49.05±0.54^Aa	1.05±0.01^Aa	23.67±2.64^Ab	1.89±0.21^Aa	0.79±0.01^Ab	8.22±0.09^Ab
	0~5 cm	5.50±0.91^Aa	41.32±0.78^Ab	53.19±1.45^Aa	1.18±0.04^Bb	4.80±0.25^Ba	0.95±0.05^Ba	0.51±0.05^Ba	8.83±0.09^Bab
	5~10 cm	8.36±4.43^ABb	40.71±2.32^Ab	50.94±5.50^Aa	1.34±0.05^Bb	4.29±0.25^Ba	1.04±0.07^Bb	0.42±0.01^BCa	9.02±0.07^Bb
	10~20 cm	14.17±8.85^Bb	46.46±3.70^Aa	39.38±5.94^Ba	1.37±0.06^Bb	4.68±0.68^Ba	0.88±0.05^Ba	0.36±0.03^Ca	8.95±0.13^Ba

样品	土层	Hg/(mg·kg^-1)	Pb/(mg·kg^-1)	As/(mg·kg^-1)	Cd/(mg·kg^-1)	Cr/(mg·kg^-1)	Zn/(mg·kg^-1)
藻结皮	结皮层	0.076±0.01^ab	16.200±0.32^ab	13.190±0.31^ab	0.281±0.02^a	52.732±1.96^a	39.507±0.97^a
	0~5 cm	0.072±0.01^a	13.332±0.68^a	12.802±0.41^a	0.131±0.02^a	52.566±2.07^a	32.086±0.71^a
	5~10 cm	0.071±0.00^a	12.681±0.05^a	11.926±0.30^a	0.105±0.00^a	48.902±0.16^a	31.047±0.71^a
	10~20 cm	0.070±0.00^a	12.713±0.33^a	11.543±0.28^a	0.103±0.00^a	50.147±2.35^a	31.040±0.60^a
混生结皮	结皮层	0.079±0.01^ab	18.776±0.12^b	15.952±1.53^a	0.327±0.01^a	56.935±2.70^a	41.262±0.22^ab
	0~5 cm	0.078±0.01^ab	13.244±0.33^a	14.498±1.38^a	0.126±0.00^a	53.631±2.00^a	31.765±0.84^a
	5~10 cm	0.070±0.00^a	12.701±0.24^a	12.766±0.34^ab	0.101±0.00^a	53.162±0.88^a	31.707±0.70^a
	10~20 cm	0.074±0.00^ab	12.402±0.53^a	12.133±0.36^a	0.099±0.00^a	52.302±2.03^a	30.861±0.71^a
藓结皮	结皮层	0.095±0.01^a	19.638±1.37^b	16.627±3.11^a	0.409±0.08^a	57.063±3.01^a	44.412±2.16^b
	0~5 cm	0.092±0.01^b	13.177±0.18^a	14.782±3.57^a	0.136±0.01^a	52.936±0.97^a	32.313±0.42^a
	5~10 cm	0.080±0.04^a	11.663±0.52^b	14.063±0.51^b	0.105±0.00^a	49.778±1.53^a	30.041±0.48^b
	10~20 cm	0.079±0.00^b	11.816±0.90^a	11.470±0.11^a	0.102±0.00^a	48.540±3.80^a	32.144±1.68^a
风沙土背景值^[31]/(mg·kg^-1)		0.016	13.8	4.3	0.044	24.8	29.8
宁夏土壤环境背景值^[31]/(mg·kg^-1)		0.021	20.6	11.9	0.112	60.0	58.8

Enzyme activity characteristics and their influencing factors of different biocrusts around thermal plant in Mu Us Sandy Land

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样品	土层	Hg	Pb	As	Cd	Cr	Zn
藻结皮	结皮层	1.657	-0.354	1.032	2.091	0.503	-0.178
	0~5 cm	1.583	-0.635	0.989	0.985	0.499	-0.478
	5~10 cm	1.573	-0.707	0.887	0.668	0.395	-0.526
	10~20 cm	1.537	-0.703	0.840	0.636	0.431	-0.526
混生结皮	结皮层	1.722	-0.141	1.306	2.309	0.614	-0.115
	0~5 cm	1.701	-0.644	1.168	0.937	0.528	-0.493
	5~10 cm	1.539	-0.705	0.985	0.618	0.515	-0.495
	10~20 cm	1.616	-0.739	0.912	0.584	0.492	-0.534
藓结皮	结皮层	1.988	-0.076	1.366	2.632	0.617	-0.009
	0~5 cm	1.941	-0.652	1.196	1.047	0.509	-0.468
	5~10 cm	1.743	-0.828	1.125	0.673	0.420	-0.573
	10~20 cm	1.716	-0.809	0.831	0.632	0.384	-0.476

变异来源	自由度df	碱性磷酸酶	蔗糖酶	过氧化氢酶	脲酶
生物结皮类型	2	41.845^***	1.141	12.832^***	23.079^***
土壤深度	3	181.520^***	62.026^***	58.306^***	76.540^***
生物结皮类型×土壤深度	6	9.254^***	0.982	3.259^**	14.289^***
误差	54

酶活性	土壤性质
酶活性	Hg	Pb	As	Cd	Cr	Zn	容重	黏粒	粉粒	砂粒	土壤有机碳	全氮	全磷	pH
过氧化氢酶	0.275	0.851^***	0.483^**	0.832^***	0.559^***	0.838^***	-0.675^***	-0.265	0.132	0.128	0.831^***	0.710^***	0.783^***	-0.565^***
碱性磷酸酶	0.352^*	0.838^***	0.468^**	0.824^***	0.496^**	0.844^***	-0.757^***	-0.158	0.081	0.075	0.826^***	0.843^***	0.810^***	-0.650^***
脲酶	0.427^**	0.746^***	0.422^*	0.784^***	0.385^*	0.739^***	-0.651^***	-0.177	-0.063	0.197	0.802^***	0.756^***	0.817^***	-0.608^***
蔗糖酶	0.240	0.815^***	0.311	0.786^***	0.449^**	0.819^***	-0.748^***	-0.152	0.111	0.048	0.791^***	0.796^***	0.750^***	-0.645^***

项目	Zn	Pb	Cd	土壤有机碳	全磷	容重	全氮	pH	Cr	As	Hg	黏粒	砂粒	粉粒
解释度/%	64.4	62.9	62.5	60.7	58.2	55.4	54.1	42.5	24.1	16.2	8.8	2.6	0.9	0.7
F	61.4	57.6	56.6	52.5	47.3	42.3	40.1	25.2	10.8	6.6	3.3	0.9	0.3	0.2
P	0.002	0.002	0.002	0.002	0.002	0.002	0.002	0.002	0.002	0.014	0.076	0.356	0.634	0.746

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