Carbon exchange of desert soil crust in response to simulated warming and changes of precipitation

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2024.00017

Journal of Desert Research ›› 2024, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (3): 269-278.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2024.00017

Carbon exchange of desert soil crust in response to simulated warming and changes of precipitation

Zhenzi He¹^,²(), Bingxin Xu¹, Wenjing Liu¹^,², Yigang Hu¹()

^1.Shapotou Desert Research and Experiment Station，Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Lanzhou 730000，China
^2.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences，Beijing 100049，China

Received:2023-11-27 Revised:2024-01-16 Online:2024-05-20 Published:2024-06-11
Contact: Yigang Hu

Abstract

Abstract:

The C exchange processes dominated by biological crusts， an important surface cover in arid desert soil， at the background of the intensified climatic change is of vital importance to access C balance at the regional and even global scale. Despite how desert crustal C exchange responds to climatic change have received many attentions， the effects of warming and changes of precipitation as well as their interactions remain unclear. To evaluate the extent of C exchange of desert crustal soils in response to climatic change， two typical types of crustal （moss- and algal- dominated crusts） soils in the southeastern edge of the Tengger Desert were selected， and their gross primary productivity （GPP）， ecosystem respiration （ER） and net ecosystem exchange （NEE） were monitored in field with stimulated warming and five precipitation gradients （2， 5， 8， 13， and 20 mm）.The results showed that：（1） warming only significantly affected daily NEE of moss-dominated crustal soil， precipitation significantly affected daily GPP， ER and NEE of moss- and algal-dominated crustal soil， and there was no interactions between warming and precipitation. （2） Across the five precipitation gradients， warming averagely reduced 20.8% of accumulative GPP and increased 9.9% of accumulative ER， leading to an increase in accumulative NEE by 102% on average for moss-dominated crustal soil. However， warming averagely enhanced 264% of accumulative GPP and increased 24.2% of accumulative ER， with a neutral effects on NEE for algal-dominated crustal soil. （3）ER and NEE of moss-dominated crustal soil were positively and negatively correlated to air temperature and soil moisture， respectively， while NEE of algal-dominated crustal soil was not associated with air temperature and soil moisture under warming. These results suggest climatic change might stimulate C immobilization of moss-dominated crustal soil， while its effects on algal-dominated crustal soil were negligible in the desert region. Accordingly， the distinct responses of C exchange for different crustal soils to climatic warming and precipitation should be taken in consideration when we predict the balance of carbon budget in desert ecosystems.

Key words: climate change, biocrusts, carbon budget, interaction

CLC Number:

Q948.1

Zhenzi He, Bingxin Xu, Wenjing Liu, Yigang Hu. Carbon exchange of desert soil crust in response to simulated warming and changes of precipitation[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2024, 44(3): 269-278.

Figures/Tables 6

Fig.1 The air temperature and soil moisture at 10 cm depth under warming （W） and no-warming （NW） treatment

Table 1 Multivariate ANOVA of the effects of warming and precipitation amount on crustal gross primary productivity （GPP）， ecosystem respiration （ER） and net ecosystem exchange （NEE）

生物结皮类型	因素	GPP		ER		NEE
生物结皮类型	因素	F	P	F	P	F	P
藓结皮	增温（W）	0.968	0.327	0.265	0.608	7.632	0.007
	降水量（P）	6.544	<0.001	2.542	0.042	6.888	<0.001
	W×P	0.400	0.808	0.018	0.999	0.734	0.571
藻结皮	增温（W）	3.087	0.081	2.694	0.103	1.355	0.246
	降水量（P）	13.151	<0.001	6.022	<0.001	14.666	<0.001
	W×P	0.749	0.561	0.901	0.465	0.733	0.571

Fig.2 Gross primary productivity （GPP）， ecosystem respiration （ER） and net ecosystem exchange （NEE） of crustal soils under warming （W） and non-warming （NW） at different precipitation gradients

Fig.3 The accumulative gross primary productivity （GPP）， ecosystem respiration （ER） and net ecosystem exchange （NEE） of crustal soils under warming （W） and non-warming （NW） at different precipitation gradients

Fig.4 The correlations of GPP， ER and NEE with air temperature for different crustal soils

Fig.5 The correlations of GPP， ER and NEE with soil moisture for different crustal soils

References 44

1	Masson-Delmotte V， Zhai P， Pirani A，et al.Climate Change 2021：The Physical Science Basis-Summary for Policymakers.Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assess-ment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change［R］.IPCC，2021.
2	Huang J P， Yu H P， Guan X D，et al.Accelerated dryland expansion under climate change［J］.Nature Climate Change，2016，6（2）：166-171.
3	Trenberth K E， Dai A G， van der Schrier G，et al.Global warming and changes in drought［J］.Nature Climate Change，2014，4（1）：17-22.
4	朱姜韬，杨庆怡，李旭，等.中国西北地区夏季降水及其东部降尺度预测模型［J］.高原气象，2023，42（3）：646-656.
5	Crowther T W， Todd-Brown K E O， Rowe C W，et al.Quantifying global soil carbon losses in response to warming［J］.Nature，2016，540（7631）：104-108.
6	李新荣，张元明，赵允格.生物土壤结皮研究：进展、前沿与展望［J］.地球科学进展，2009，24（1）：11-24.
7	Gao L Q， Bowker M A， Xu M X，et al.Biological soil crusts decrease erodibility by modifying inherent soil properties on the Loess Plateau，China［J］.Soil Biology & Biochemistry，2017，105：49-58.
8	史尧方，薛娴，尤全刚，等.阿里荒漠区土壤有机碳分布特征及其与土壤物理性质的关系［J］.中国沙漠，2023，43（3）：284-294.
9	Weber B， Wu D M， Tamm A，et al.Biological soil crusts accelerate the nitrogen cycle through large NO and HONO emissions in drylands［J］.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America，2015，112（50）：15384-15389.
10	Song G， Li X R， Hui R.Biological soil crusts determine the germination and growth of two exotic plants［J］.Ecology and Evolution，2017，7（22）：9441-9450.
11	Li X R， Gao Y H， Su J Q，et al.Ants mediate soil water in arid desert ecosystems： mitigating rainfall interception induced by biological soil crusts？［J］.Applied Soil Ecology，2014，78：57-64.
12	Hu Y G， Zhang Z S， Huang L，et al.Shifts in soil microbial community functional gene structure across a 61-year desert revegetation chronosequence［J］.Geoderma，2019，347：126-134.
13	Hu Y G， Xu B X， Wang Y N，et al.Reference for different sensitivities of greenhouse gases effluxes to warming climate among types of desert biological soil crust［J］.Science of the Total Environment，2022，830：154805.
14	周晓兵，张丙昌，张元明.生物土壤结皮固沙理论与实践［J］.中国沙漠，2021，41（1）：164-173.
15	Castillo-Monroy A P， Maestre F T， Rey A，et al.Biological soil crust microsites are the main contributor to soil respiration in a semiarid ecosystem［J］.Ecosystems，2011，14（5）：835-847.
16	Li X R， Zhang P， Su Y G，et al.Carbon fixation by biological soil crusts following revegetation of sand dunes in arid desert regions of China：a four-year field study［J］.Catena，2012，97：119-126.
17	Miralles I， de Guevara M L， Chamizo S，et al.Soil CO₂ exchange controlled by the interaction of biocrust successional stage and environmental variables in two semiarid ecosystems［J］.Soil Biology & Biochemistry，2018，124：11-23.
18	Zhang Z S， Dong X J， Xu B X，et al.Soil respiration sensitivities to water and temperature in a revegetated desert［J］.Journal of Geophysical Research-Biogeosciences，2015，120（4）：773-787.
19	Su Y G， Wu L， Zhou Z B，et al.Carbon flux in deserts depends on soil cover type： a case study in the Gurbantunggute desert，North China［J］.Soil Biology & Biochemistry，2013，58：332-340.
20	Zhang Z S， Zhao Y， Dong X J，et al.Evolution of soil respiration depends on biological soil crusts across a 50-year chronosequence of desert revegetation［J］.Soil Science and Plant Nutrition，2016，62（2）：140-149.
21	韩丹，李玉霖，杨红玲，等.模拟增温和改变降雨频率对干旱半干旱区土壤呼吸的影响［J］.中国沙漠，2021，41（2）：100-108.
22	Guan C， Zhang P， Zhao C M，et al.Effects of warming and rainfall pulses on soil respiration in a biological soil crust-dominated desert ecosystem［J］.Geoderma，2021，381：114683.
23	Hu W G， Ran J Z， Dong L W，et al.Aridity-driven shift in biodiversity-soil multifunctionality relationships［J］.Nature Communications，2021，12：5350.
24	胡春香，刘永定，宋立荣，等.半荒漠藻结皮中藻类的种类组成和分布［J］.应用生态学报，2000，11（1）：61-65.
25	Li X R， Zhou H Y， Wang X P，et al.The effects of sand stabilization and revegetation on cryptogam species diversity and soil fertility in the Tengger Desert，Northern China［J］.Plant and Soil，2003，251（2）：237-245.
26	Davidson E A， Janssens I A.Temperature sensitivity of soil carbon decompositi on and feedbacks to climate change［J］.Nature，2006，440：165-173.
27	Benko Z R.Biological soil crusts：structure，function，and management［J］.Community Ecology，2003，4（1）：118-119.
28	Li X R.Eco-hydrology of Biological Soil Crusts in Desert Regions of China［M］.Beijing：Higher Education Press，2012.
29	Zhao Y， Zhang Z S， Hu Y G，et al.The seasonal and successional variations of carbon release from biological soil crust-covered soil［J］.Journal of Arid Environments，2016，127：148-153.
30	李炳垠.毛乌素沙地生物结皮的光合及土壤CO₂通量特征研究［D］.陕西杨凌：西北农林科技大学，2019.
31	管超，张鹏，李新荣.腾格里沙漠东南缘生物结皮土壤呼吸对水热因子变化的响应［J］.植物生态学报，2017，41（3）：301-310.
32	Hu R， Wang X P， Xu J S，et al.The mechanism of soil nitrogen transformation under different biocrusts to warming and reduced precipitation：from microbial functional genes to enzyme activity［J］.Science of the Total Environment，2020，722：137849.
33	Luo C Y， Xu G P， Chao Z G，et al.Effect of warming and grazing on litter mass loss and temperature sensitivity of litter and dung mass loss on the Tibetan plateau［J］.Global Change Biology，2010，16（5）：1606-1617.
34	Zelikova T J， Housman D C， Grote E E，et al.Warming and increased precipitation frequency on the Colorado Plateau：implications for biological soil crusts and soil processes［J］.Plant and Soil，2012，355（1）：265-282.
35	Belnap J， Weber B， Büdel B.Biological soil crusts as an organizing principle in drylands［J］.Ecological Studies，2016，226：3-13.
36	Darrouzet-Nardi A， Reed S C， Grote E E，et al.Observations of net soil exchange of CO₂ in a dryland show experimental warming increases carbon losses in biocrust soils［J］.Biogeochemistry，2015，126（3）：363-378.
37	Lange O L， Meyer A， Zellner H，et al.Photosynthesis and water relations of lichen soil crusts：field measurements in the coastal fog zone of the Namib Desert［J］.Functional Ecology，1994，8（2）：253-264.
38	Garcia-Palacios P， Escolar C， Dacal M，et al.Pathways regulating decreased soil respiration with warming in a biocrust-dominated dryland［J］.Global Change Biology，2018，24（10）：4645-4656.
39	Thomas A D， Hoon S R， Dougill A J.Soil respiration at five sites along the Kalahari Transect：effects of temperature，precipitation pulses and biological soil crust cover［J］.Geoderma，2011，167/168：284-294.
40	Davidson E A， Janssens I A.Temperature sensitivity of soil carbon decomposition and feedbacks to climate change［J］.Nature，2006，440（7081）：165-173.
41	Zhao J X， Luo T X， Wei H X，et al.Increased precipitation offsets the negative effect of warming on plant biomass and ecosystem respiration in a Tibetan alpine steppe［J］.Agricultural and Forest Meteorology，2019，279：107761.
42	王小国，朱波，王艳强，等.不同土地利用方式下土壤呼吸及其温度敏感性［J］.生态学报，2007，27（5）：1960-1968.
43	杨庆朋，徐明，刘洪升，等.土壤呼吸温度敏感性的影响因素和不确定性［J］.生态学报，2011，31（8）：2301-2311.
44	Luo Y Q， Wan S Q， Hui D F，et al.Acclimatization of soil respiration to warming in a tall grass prairie［J］.Nature，2001，413（6856）：622-625.

[1]	Jianhui Ge, Bing Liu, Yujie Xu, Aijun Sun, Keqi Wang, Dongxue Li, hui Zhao. Interrelationships between climate change and surface processes in the First Meander of the Yellow River since the Last Deglaciation [J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2024, 44(2): 121-132.
[2]	Yang Chen, Ping Lv, Min Cao, Zishu Xia, Fang Ma, Junlin Yu. Microclimate characteristics of Tengger Desert lakes and its response to climate change [J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2024, 44(2): 231-238.
[3]	Qing Li, Na Zhou, Sheng Wang, Tongzhou Li, Rende Wang, Jinfeng Wang. Quantitative assessment the impacts of climate change and human actives on wind erosion： a case study of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region [J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2024, 44(1): 178-188.
[4]	Xiao Feng, Jianjun Qu, Xinhui Ding, Qin Tian, Qingbin Fan. Temporal and spatial pattern of NPP in Yulin and its influencing factors during the desertification reversal [J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2024, 44(1): 22-32.
[5]	Yanzhuo Zhao, Yuanyun Xie, Chunguo Kang, Yunping Chi, Lei Sun, Peng Wu, Zhenyu Wei. Holocene climate change recorded by paleosoil profile in Hulun Buir Sandy Land [J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2023, 43(5): 85-96.
[6]	Jianbing Lu, Ke Ju, Weibin Liao. Variation in NDVI and its response to climate change and human activities in Gansu Province during 2000-2020 [J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2023, 43(4): 118-127.
[7]	Qi You, Baorong Xu, Songbing Zou, Yihao Qin, Duo Wang, Dong Yu. The vegetation-climate quantitative relationship and characteristics in arid and semi-arid region of northern China [J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2023, 43(4): 274-287.
[8]	Yaozong Wang, Xinbin Yue, Jiali Xie, Zhipeng Liu, Yuan Ma, Yahui Wang, Yan Gong. Desertification evolution in the sandy region to the east of the Yellow River in Ningxia from 2000 to 2020 [J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2023, 43(4): 31-40.
[9]	Pengfei Liang, Huijuan Xin, Zongxing Li, Fusen Nan, Biao Tang, Wenbao Zhang. Study on the attribution of runoff variation in the Danghe River based on the Budyko hypothesis [J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2023, 43(3): 210-219.
[10]	Ran Duan, Zongjie Li, Yu Wang, Xiaoying Liu, Juan Gui, Pengfei Liang, Yuchen Li, Jian Xue, Mengqing Liu, Bin Xu. Characteristics of runoff change in the Shiyang River Basin [J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2023, 43(3): 57-68.
[11]	Ziyan Han, Jijun Meng, Yi Zou, Likai Zhu. Vegetation dynamics and their response to climate change and ecological protection projects in the Heihe River Basin from 1982 to 2017 [J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2023, 43(3): 96-106.
[12]	Chunming Xin, Mingzhu He, Chengyi Li, Libin Zhang, Xinrong Li. A review of research progress on nitrous oxide emissions from desert soil and its driving factors [J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2023, 43(2): 184-194.
[13]	Hong Sun, Jiyun Duan, Yujie Liu, Ruilan Ran, Xiaofeng Li, Pengshan Zhao. Potential distribution of the genus Agriophyllum under climate change [J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2023, 43(2): 255-263.
[14]	Haixiu He, Aihong Fu, Chuan Wang. Negetation index change and its driving forces of low mountain meadow vegetation in the northwest of Tacheng Region， Xinjiang， China [J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2023, 43(1): 187-196.
[15]	Haojun Qin, Xiaojun Yang, Li Ma, Yicheng Wang, Zhao Fu, Junxia Zhang, Zhengqi Lu. Characteristics and causes of regional sandstorms in Northwest of China from 2000 to 2020 [J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2022, 42(6): 53-64.

Carbon exchange of desert soil crust in response to simulated warming and changes of precipitation

RichHTML

PDF

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 6

References 44

Related Articles 15

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments