Particle endmembers characteristics of Amiola-South profile in the Zoige Basin and recorded climate change since 15 ka BP

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2024.00162

Journal of Desert Research ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (2): 111-118.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2024.00162

Particle endmembers characteristics of Amiola-South profile in the Zoige Basin and recorded climate change since 15 ka BP

Ying Zhai¹(), Jiangli Pang¹(), Chunchang Huang¹, Xiaochun Zha¹, Yali Zhou¹, Yuqin Li¹, Yuzhu Zhang², Xueqing Sun¹, Xiaokang Zhao¹

^1.School of Geography and Tourism，Shaanxi Normal University，Xi'an 710119，China
^2.School of Urban and Environment Sciences，Northwest University，Xi'an 710127，China

Received:2024-10-24 Revised:2024-11-18 Online:2025-03-20 Published:2025-03-26
Contact: Jiangli Pang

Abstract

Abstract:

In this study， we selected the loess-paleosoil sequence from Amiola-South profile in Maqu County to analyze its grain size， and combined with magnetic susceptibility and Rb/Sr， in an attempt to reveal the sedimentological and kinetic characteristics of typical profile sediments and their relationship with climate evolution. The results showed that：（1） The particle size was divided into five terminal components： EM1 is the fine particulate matter transported by suspension and the clay particles produced by soil formation； EM2 is the effect of wind on the transport of floodplain materials in warm and humid climates. EM3 is the sand carried by the westerly and East Asian winter winds； EM4 is coarse particulate matter transported from near-source areas by severe sandstorms or strong winter winds； and EM5 is the lakeside setting of the ancient Zoige lake. （2） In the area of Amiola Mountain， due to the retreat of the water of the ancient Zoige lake， the land was exposed around 15.5 ka BP and began to accept stable wind and dust accumulation， 15.5-8.5 ka BP was cold and dry， 8.5-3.0 ka BP turned warm and wet， and 3.0 ka BP turned dry and cold so far. Wavelet analysis shows that the East Asian monsoon has a main cycle of 5.6 ka and a sub-cycle cycle of 2.1 ka and 3.5 ka.

Key words: Amiola-South profile, lakeside, aeolian deposits, particle endmembers, climate change

CLC Number:

P535

Ying Zhai, Jiangli Pang, Chunchang Huang, Xiaochun Zha, Yali Zhou, Yuqin Li, Yuzhu Zhang, Xueqing Sun, Xiaokang Zhao. Particle endmembers characteristics of Amiola-South profile in the Zoige Basin and recorded climate change since 15 ka BP[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2025, 45(2): 111-118.

Figures/Tables 8

Fig.1 Overview of the study area： regional map （A）， regional satellite image （B）， and picture of AMOL-S profile （C）

Table 1 Stratigraphic division and characteristics of AMOL-S profile

地层	深度/cm	颜色和结构
表土（MS）	0~45 cm	浊黄棕（10YR5/3），粉砂质地，团粒-团块结构，疏松多孔，含有密集的植物根系。在40~45 cm采集OSL-1
弱成壤（L-S）	45~80 cm	浊黄棕（10YR4/3），细砂质粉砂质地，团粒-团块构造，多细小孔隙。在70~75 cm采集OSL-2
黄土（L₀）	80~150 cm	浊黄棕（10YR5/4），细砂质粉砂，块状构造，结构疏松无层理。在80~85、135~140、145~150 cm采集OSL-3、OSL-4、OSL-5
古土壤（S₀）	150~210 cm	灰棕（7.5YR4/2），细砂粉砂质地，团粒-团块构造，含有大小孔隙，土壤成熟度高。在210~215 cm采集OSL-6
黄土（L）	210~300 cm	浊黄橙（10YR6/4），细砂质地，块状结构，下界清晰
湖相沉积（LS）	300 cm~?	浊黄（2.5YR6/4），厚层状分布，厚度超过3 m，向两侧稳定延伸。粉砂-中砂质地，粒状结构，比较疏松，质地、结构及颜色十分均匀、干净。水平层理比较发育，为湖相沉积物。在325~330 cm采集OSL-7

Fig.2 Particle size frequency curves （A） and particle size distribution triangle （B） of AMOL-S profile

Fig.3 Linear correlation （A） and angular dispersion （B） and endmember frequency curves （C） of AMOL-S profile endmember division

Table 2 Correlation analysis of each endmember component， <2 μm content and Md of AMOL-S profile

端元	EM1	EM2	EM3	EM4	EM5	<2 μm	M_d
EM1	1
EM2	0.598^**	1
EM3	0.386^**	0.105	1
EM4	0.619^**	0.890^**	0.314^**	1
EM5	0.277^*	0.645^**	0.624^**	0.625^**	1
<2 μm	0.903^**	0.776^**	0.239^*	0.740^**	0.421^**	1
M_d	0.844^**	0.913^**	0.018	0.880^**	0.668^**	0.903^**	1

Fig.4 Particle size end-member composition， average particle size， magnetic susceptibility and Rb/Sr distribution curves of AMOL-S profile

Fig.5 Comparison of magnetic susceptibility of AMOL-Sprofile （A） with Guizhou Dongge Cave stalagmites δ18O （B）， Sediments from the Dalianhai Sea on the Tibetan Plateau δ18O （C）， Guliya core on the Tibetan Plateau δ18O （D）， pollen content of z10-C14 coniferous forest in red plain peat core （E）， Maqu ZHK profile clay / coarse silt（F）， Maqu DEQ-E profile CIA （G）， holocene precipitation variability in northern China（H）， and water variability in southern China in the Holocene （I）

Fig.6 Wavelet transforms of EM4 components of AMOL-S profiles at different scales

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Particle endmembers characteristics of Amiola-South profile in the Zoige Basin and recorded climate change since 15 ka BP

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