Modeling of soil wind erosion and wind erosion control service flow in the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2026.00011

Journal of Desert Research ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (4): 308-320.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2026.00011

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Modeling of soil wind erosion and wind erosion control service flow in the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau

Jie Ning(), Mingchang Shi(), Chunyang Chen, Yanwei Zhang

College of Soil and Water Conservation，Beijing Forestry University，Beijing 100083，China

Received:2025-10-27 Revised:2026-01-30 Online:2026-07-20 Published:2026-08-27
Contact: Mingchang Shi

Abstract

Abstract:

As the world's highest-altitude ecosystem， the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau plays a critical role in regional and global ecological environments through its soil wind erosion processes. This study， leveraging multi-source remote sensing and meteorological data from 2019 to 2023， employed the Revised Wind Erosion Equation （RWEQ） model and the HYSPLIT atmospheric dispersion model to quantify soil wind erosion intensity and simulate the transport pathways of wind erosion control service. Our results indicate that the annual potential soil loss in the study area decreased from 7.326×10¹¹ kg in 2019 to 6.330×10¹¹ kg in 2023， showing an overall decreasing trend. The annual actual soil loss， meanwhile， declined from 3.211×10¹¹ kg in 2019 to 1.559×10¹¹ kg in 2023， and also exhibited a general decline. Conversely， the annual amount of wind erosion control increased significantly， with values rising from 4.115×10¹¹ kg in 2019 to 4.771×10¹¹ kg in 2023. Spatially， wind erosion was predominantly concentrated in the northern Xizang and southern Qinghai plateau region. HYSPLIT trajectory simulations revealed that the total number of dust transport pathways from three representative sites （Qinghai Lake， Wudaoliang， and Pari） decreased from 1 535 in 2019 to 811 in 2023， indicating a weakening trend in wind-blown sand influence. This research elucidates the "supply-flow-benefit" pattern of ecosystem protective services on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau， providing a scientific basis for regional ecological conservation and sustainable development.

Key words: soil wind erosion, RWEQ model, wind erosion control service, HYSPLIT model, Qinghai-Xizang Plateau

CLC Number:

Jie Ning, Mingchang Shi, Chunyang Chen, Yanwei Zhang. Modeling of soil wind erosion and wind erosion control service flow in the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2026, 46(4): 308-320.

Figures/Tables 8

References 42

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土壤风蚀项目	参数	年份
土壤风蚀项目	参数	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
潜在风蚀量	最大值/(kg·m^-2)	49.353	28.958	38.408	45.591	45.346
	最小值/(kg·m^-2)	0	0	0	0	0
	平均值/(kg·m^-2)	0.281	0.118	0.181	0.107	0.242
	总量/10¹¹ kg	7.326	3.068	4.733	2.785	6.330
实际风蚀量	最大值/(kg·m^-2)	35.136	26.903	20.636	16.879	22.248
	最小值/(kg·m^-2)	0	0	0	0	0
	平均值/(kg·m^-2)	0.129	0.035	0.090	0.040	0.063
	总量/10¹¹ kg	3.211	0.886	2.254	0.992	1.559
防风固沙量	最大值/(kg·m^-2)	49.185	26.379	38.270	45.443	45.290
	最小值/(kg·m^-2)	0	0	0	0	0
	平均值/(kg·m^-2)	0.152	0.084	0.091	0.067	0.179
	总量/10¹¹ kg	4.115	2.182	2.479	1.793	4.771

土壤风蚀项目	参数	年份
土壤风蚀项目	参数	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
潜在风蚀量	最大值/(kg·m^-2)	49.353	28.958	38.408	45.591	45.346
	最小值/(kg·m^-2)	0	0	0	0	0
	平均值/(kg·m^-2)	0.281	0.118	0.181	0.107	0.242
	总量/10¹¹ kg	7.326	3.068	4.733	2.785	6.330
实际风蚀量	最大值/(kg·m^-2)	35.136	26.903	20.636	16.879	22.248
	最小值/(kg·m^-2)	0	0	0	0	0
	平均值/(kg·m^-2)	0.129	0.035	0.090	0.040	0.063
	总量/10¹¹ kg	3.211	0.886	2.254	0.992	1.559
防风固沙量	最大值/(kg·m^-2)	49.185	26.379	38.270	45.443	45.290
	最小值/(kg·m^-2)	0	0	0	0	0
	平均值/(kg·m^-2)	0.152	0.084	0.091	0.067	0.179
	总量/10¹¹ kg	4.115	2.182	2.479	1.793	4.771

年份	频率/%	受益人口/亿	占全国比例/%
2019	0~2 2~6 6~15 15~35 35~100	7.050 0.281 0.012 0.00014 0.00004	50.356 2.005 0.087 0.0011 0.0001
总计	100	7.343	52.449
2020	0~2 2~6 6~15 15~35 35~100	4.988 0.376 0.133 0.013 0.001	35.33 2.665 0.940 0.089 0.010
总计	100	5.511	39.024
2021	0~2 2~6 6~15 15~35 35~100	6.983 0.377 0.023 0.002 0.000015	49.436 2.667 0.162 0.013 0.000001
总计	100	7.385	52.278
2022	0~2 2~6 6~15 15~35 35~100	7.645 0.389 0.049 0.014 0.001	54.150 2.757 0.344 0.100 0.0034
总计	100	8.098	57.3544
2023	0~2 2~6 6~15 15~35 35~100	6.911 0.649 0.057 0.004 0.001	49.023 4.605 0.406 0.026 0.000059
总计	100	7.622	54.060

年份	频率/%	受益人口/亿	占全国比例/%
2019	0~2 2~6 6~15 15~35 35~100	7.050 0.281 0.012 0.00014 0.00004	50.356 2.005 0.087 0.0011 0.0001
总计	100	7.343	52.449
2020	0~2 2~6 6~15 15~35 35~100	4.988 0.376 0.133 0.013 0.001	35.33 2.665 0.940 0.089 0.010
总计	100	5.511	39.024
2021	0~2 2~6 6~15 15~35 35~100	6.983 0.377 0.023 0.002 0.000015	49.436 2.667 0.162 0.013 0.000001
总计	100	7.385	52.278
2022	0~2 2~6 6~15 15~35 35~100	7.645 0.389 0.049 0.014 0.001	54.150 2.757 0.344 0.100 0.0034
总计	100	8.098	57.3544
2023	0~2 2~6 6~15 15~35 35~100	6.911 0.649 0.057 0.004 0.001	49.023 4.605 0.406 0.026 0.000059
总计	100	7.622	54.060

年份	频率/%	类型
年份	频率/%	耕地	林地	灌木丛	草地	水域	冰川	裸地	不透水面	湿地
2019	0~2 2~6 6~15 15~35 35~100	120.24 5.31 0.32 0.006 0	109.70 9.10 0.73 0.10 0.01	1.11 0.15 0.01 0 0	131.13 22.47 2.87 0.22 0.10	9.06 0.68 0.03 0.01 0.001	1.84 0.47 0.04 0.0042 0.001	83.05 5.87 0.44 0.05 0.024	19.44 0.33 0.003 0.001 0	0.045 0.042 0.0091 0.001 0
	100	125.876	119.64	1.27	156.79	9.781	2.3552	89.434	19.774	0.0971
2020	0~2 2~6 6~15 15~35 35~100	79.794 7.03 1.757 0.339 0.032	77.032 10.566 2.690 0.532 0.225	0.687 0.218 0.051 0.029 0.005	64.301 20.764 5.679 1.151 0.302	5.003 0.575 0.113 0.020 0.003	1.259 0.130 0.027 0.012 0.002	13.234 4.588 1.278 0.144 0.282	12.270 0.601 0.195 0.01 0	0.018 0.031 0.016 0.002 0
	100	88.952	91.045	0.99	92.197	5.714	1.43	19.526	13.076	0.067
2021	0~2 2~6 6~15 15~35 35~100	115.528 7.662 0.458 0.026 0	97.212 9.199 0.878 0.130 0	0.942 0.200 0.027 0.000 0	107.117 19.329 3.133 0.494 0.053	7.028 0.728 0.045 0.002 0.001	0.885 0.104 0.051 0 0.002	25.741 2.486 0.542 0.027 0.002	18.565 0.582 0.024 0.001 0	0.053 0.019 0.004 0 0
	100	123.674	107.419	1.169	130.126	7.804	1.042	28.798	19.172	0.076
2022	0~2 2~6 6~15 15~35 35~100	119.788 7.434 0.871 0.1 0.010	119.549 8.919 0.885 0.202 0.052	1.313 0.217 0.049 0.007 0	107.066 29.957 9.373 1.577 0.097	8.36 0.760 0.235 0.016 0.001	1.194 0.319 0.121 0.059 0.001	62.711 7.036 0.601 0.126 0.234	20.210 0.462 0.020 0.010 0	0.058 0.019 0.004 0.004 0
	100	128.203	129.607	1.586	148.07	9.372	1.694	70.708	20.702	0.085
2023	0~2 2~6 6~15 15~35 35~100	110.694 10.866 1.031 0.048 0.002	99.834 15.162 2.109 0.274 0.002	0.941 0.225 0.032 0.006 0.003	92.989 27.588 7.4 1.295 0.488	7.123 1.089 0.219 0.055 0.003	1.017 0.255 0.086 0.005 0.001	62.083 4.736 2.623 0.271 0.021	19.368 1.025 0.033 0.003 0	0.027 0.018 0.013 0 0
	100	122.641	117.381	1.207	129.76	8.489	1.364	69.734	20.429	0.058

Modeling of soil wind erosion and wind erosion control service flow in the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau

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