中晚全新世毛乌素沙地东南部气候变化过程

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2016.00024

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 位于中国北方半干旱区的毛乌素沙地对气候变化响应敏感，是研究气候变化的理想区域。通过对毛乌素沙地东南部锦界剖面磁化率、有机质含量、CaCO₃含量的分析，重建了7.5 ka BP以来的气候变化过程。结果显示：中晚全新世毛乌素沙地东南部环境与气候变化可分为3个阶段：7.5～4.6 ka BP，夏季风占主导，气候暖湿，与全新世大暖期对应；4.6～3.3 ka BP，气候突变为干冷并波动频繁；3.3～2.5 ka BP气候以干冷为主。另外，存在5次千年尺度的干旱事件：7.0～6.8 ka BP、6.6～5.7 ka BP、4.6～4.1 ka BP、3.7～3.5 ka BP、3.3～2.5 ka BP。研究区气候变化与全球具有较好的一致性。

关键词: 毛乌素沙地, 磁化率, 有机质, CaCO₃, 气候变化, 全新世

Abstract: The Mu Us Sandy Land is located at semi-arid region of North China, and it is sensitive to climate changes. The climate change process in the southeastern Mu Us Sandy Land since 7.5 kyr BP was reconstructed based on data of magnetic susceptibility, organic matter, CaCO₃, ¹⁴C and OSL dating. The variations of the indices suggest environment and climate changes in the Mu Us Sandy Land can be classified into 3 stages. In 7.5-4.6 kyr BP, corresponding to the Holocene Climatic Optimu, the summer monsoon was powerful and the climate is warm and wet. In 4.6-3.3 kyr BP, with frequently alternations of the climate and an abruptly shift at 4.6 kyr BP, the weakening summer monsoon dominated this period. The climate was cold and arid. In 3.3-2.5 kyr BP, the cold and dry climate was dominated. Additionally, five millennial-scale dry events were recorded at 7.0-6.8 kyr BP, 6.6-5.7 kyr BP, 4.6-4.1 kyr BP, 3.7-3.5 kyr BP and 3.3-2.5 kyr BP. In short, the regional climate change is correlated with the global climate change.

Key words: Mu Us Sandy Land, magnetic susceptibility, organic matter, CaCO₃, climate change, Holocene

中图分类号:

P531

杨帆, 靳鹤龄, 李孝泽, 耿建伟, 刘冰. 中晚全新世毛乌素沙地东南部气候变化过程[J]. 中国沙漠, 2017, 37(3): 431-438.

Yang Fan, Jin Heling, Li Xiaoze, Geng Jianwei, Liu Bing. Climate Change in the Southeastern Mu Us Sandy Land in Middle and Late Holocene[J]. JOURNAL OF DESERT RESEARCH, 2017, 37(3): 431-438.

参考文献

[1] Jin H L,Dong G R,Su Z Z,et al.Reconstruction of the spatial patterns of desert/loess boundary belt in North China during the Holocene[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2001,46(12):969-974.
[2] Li S H,Sun J.Optical dating of Holocene dune sands from the Hulun Buir Desert,northeastern China[J].Holocene,2006,16(3):457-462.
[3] Sun J M,Li S H,Han P,et al.Holocene environment changes in the central inner Monglia,based on the signle-aliquot-quartz optical dating and muti-proxy study of dune sands[J].Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology,2006,233:51-62.
[4] Yang L H,Wang T,Zhou J,et al.OSL chronology and possible forcing mechanisms of dune evolution in the Horqin dunefield in northern China since the Last Glacial Maximum[J].Quaternary Research,2012,78:185-196.
[5] Lu H Y,Yi S W,Xu Z W,et al.Chinese deserts and sand fields in Last Glacial Maximum and Holocene Optimum[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2013,58(23):1-9.
[6] 牛东风,李保生,王丰年,等.微量元素记录的毛乌素沙漠全新世气候波动——以萨拉乌苏流域DGS1层段为例[J].沉积学报,2015,33(4):735-743.
[7] 曹红霞,张云翔,岳乐平,等.毛乌素沙地全新世地层粒度组成特征及古气候意义[J].沉积学报,2003,21(3):482-486.
[8] 黄昌庆,冯兆东,马玉贞,等.巴汗淖孢粉记录的全新世环境变化[J].兰州大学学报:自然科学版,2009,45(4):7-12.
[9] Li S H,Sun J,Li B.Holocene environmental changes in central Inner Mongolia revealed by luminescence dating of sediments from the Sala Us River valley[J].Holocene,2012,22(4):397-404.
[10] 徐志伟,鹿化煜,弋双文,等.末次盛冰期和全新世大暖期毛乌素沙地的空间变化[J].第四纪研究,2013,33(2):218-227.
[11] Liu B,Jin H L,Sun L Y,et al.Holocene moisture change revealed by the Rb/Sr ratio of aeolian deposits in the southeastern Mu Us Desert,China[J].Aeolian Research,2014,13:109-119.
[12] An Z,Kukla G J,Porter S C,et al.Magnetic susceptibility evidence of monsoon variation on the Loess Plateau of central China during the last 130,000 years[J].Quaternary Research,1991,36(1):29-36.
[13] 刘秀铭,刘东生.中国黄土磁性矿物特征及其古气候意义[J].第四纪研究,1993,13(3):281-287.
[14] 旺罗,刘东生,韩家懋,等.中国第四纪黄土环境磁学研究进展[J].地球科学进展,2000,15(3):335-341.
[15] 安芷生,王俊达,李华梅.洛川黄土剖面的古地磁研究[J].地球化学,1977(4):239-249.
[16] Heller F,Liu T S.Magnetostratigraphical dating of loess deposits in China[J].Nature,1982,300:431-433.
[17] Kukla G,An Z S.Loess stratigraphy in central China[J].Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology,1989,72:203-225.
[18] Zhou W J,Donahue D J,Porter S C,et al.Variability of monsoon climate in East Asia at the end of the Last Glaciation[J].Quaternary Research,1996,46:219-229.
[19] 刘冰,靳鹤龄,孙忠.近6 ka以来科尔沁沙地东部气候变化记录[J].中国沙漠,2011,31(6):1398-1405.
[20] 赵景波.黄土地层中的CaCO₃与环境[J].沉积学报,1993,11(1):136-142.
[21] 高尚玉,董光荣,李保生,等.萨拉乌苏河地区地层中CaCO₃和易溶盐含量变化与气候环境[J].干旱区资源与环境,1988,2(4):41-48.
[22] 罗开利,李保生,祝一志,等.150 ka B.P.以来萨拉乌苏河流域的CaCO₃旋回[J].地理科学,2002,22(6):683-688.
[23] 施雅风,孔昭宸,王苏民,等.中国全新世大暖期的气候波动与重要事件[J].中国科学:B辑,1992,22(12):1300-1308.
[24] 鲁瑞洁,王亚军,张登山.毛乌素沙地15 ka以来气候变化及沙漠演化研究[J].中国沙漠,2010,30(2):273-277.
[25] Xiao J,Xu Q,Nakamura T,et al.Holocene vegetation variation in the Daihai Lake region of north-central China[J].Quaternary Science Reviews,2004,23:1669-1679.
[26] Gong Z J,Li S H,Sun J M,et al.Environmental changes in Hunshandake (Otindag) sandy land revealed by optical dating and multi-proxy study of dune sands[J].Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,2013,76:30-36.
[27] 刘冰,靳鹤龄,孙忠.中晚全新世科尔沁沙地演化与气候变化[J].中国沙漠,2013,33(1):77-86.
[28] 许清海,肖举乐,中村俊夫,等.全新世以来岱海盆地植被演替和气候变化的孢粉学证据[J].冰川冻土,2004,26(1):73-80.
[29] 许清海,孔昭宸,陈旭东,等.鄂尔多斯东部4000余年来的环境与人地关系的初步探讨[J].第四纪研究,2002,22(2):105-112.
[30] 刘宇航,夏敦胜,金明,等.阿拉善地区湖泊岩芯磁性特征记录的全新世环境变化[J].中国沙漠,2012,32(4):929-937.
[31] Jia F F,Lu R J,Gao S Y,et al.Holocene aeolian activities in the southeastern Mu Us Desert,China[J].Aeolian Research,2015,19:267-274.
[32] Sun A Z,Feng Z D.Holocene climatic reconstructions from the fossil pollen record at Qigai Nuur in the southern Mongolian Plateau[J].Holocene,2013,23(10):1391-1402.
[33] Huang C C,Jie Z,Pang J L,et al.A regional aridity phase and its possible cultural impact during the Holocene Megathermal in the Guanzhong Basin,China[J].Holocene,2000,10(1):135-142.
[34] 董光荣,陈惠忠,王贵勇,等.150 ka以来中国北方沙漠、沙地演化和气候变化[J].中国科学:B辑,1995,25(12):1303-1312.
[35] Lu H Y,Miao X D,Zhou Y L,et al.Late Quaternary aeolian activity in the Mu Us and Otindag dune fields (north China) and lagged response to insolation forcing[J].Geophysical Research Letters,2005,32(21):365-370.
[36] Wang L,Li J J,Lu H Y,et al.The East Asian winter monsoon over the last 15,000 years:its links to high-latitudes and tropical climate systems and complex correlation to the summer monsoon[J].Quaternary Science Reviews,2012,32:131-142.
[37] Hu C Y,Henderson G M,Huang J H,et al.Quantification of Holocene Asian monsoon rainfall from spatially separated cave records[J].Earth & Planetary Science Letters,2008,266:221-232.
[38] Gergana Y,Nowaczyk N R,Jens M,et al.Influence of the intertropical convergence zone on the East Asian monsoon[J].Nature,2007,445:74-77.
[39] 许清海,肖举乐,中村俊夫,等.孢粉资料定量重建全新世以来岱海盆地的古气候[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2003,23(4):99-108.
[40] Berger A,Loutre M F.Insolation values for the climate of the last 10 million years[J].Quaternary Science Reviews,1991,10:297-317.
[41] 方修琦,孙宁.降温事件:4.3 ka BP岱海老虎山文化中断的可能原因[J].人文地理,1998,13(1):71-76.
[42] Zhao Y,Yu Z C,Chen F H,et al.Vegetation response to Holocene climate change in monsoon-influenced region of China[J].Earth-Science Reviews,2009,97:242-256.
[43] Bond G,Bonani G.A pervasive millennial-scale cycle in North Atlantic Holocene and glacial climates[J].Science,1997,278:1257-1266.