青海共和盆地风况及风沙地貌

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2017.00014

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 利用共和盆地茶卡、共和、贵南站2012-2015年的风资料，分析盆地风向、风速和输沙势的变化特征，并结合Google Earth高清影像，对盆地风能环境与风沙地貌进行探讨。结果表明：（1）盆地年平均风速1.6～2.7 m·s^-1，西北部、中部和东南部年起沙风出现的频率分别为7.7%、3.5%、0.9%，起沙风主要发生在冬、春季，风向以WNW和W为主。（2）盆地属于低风能环境，风沙活动自西北部向东南部减弱，方向变率指数0.7～0.96，风况为窄单峰或宽单峰风况，西北部和中部风向变率属于低变率，东南部属于中等变率，合成输沙方向较一致，为281.0°～286.7°。（3）盆地沙丘类型有新月形沙丘（链）、格状沙丘、复合型链状沙丘、沙山、沙垄、抛物线沙丘等，沙丘类型和风况较吻合。

关键词: 共和盆地, 风况, 输沙势, 风沙地貌

Abstract: Based on the wind data collected from automatic meteorological stations of Chaka, Gonghe and Guinan in the Gonghe Basin, this paper analyzed the variation characteristics of wind speed, wind direction and sand drift potential. Combining with high resolution images of Google Earth, the relationship between wind regime and aeolian geomorphology is discussed. The results are as follows:(1) The annual mean wind speed ranges in 1.6-2.7 m·s^-1 in the Gonghe Basin. The frequency of threshold wind in northwest region, middle region and southeast region were 7.7%, 3.5% and 0.9%, respectively. The threshold wind mainly occurs in the winter and spring. Its direction is mainly WNW and W. (2) The wind energy is low. The sand activity weakens from northwest to southeast in the Gonghe Basin. The wind direction variability ranges in 0.7-0.96, and wind regime is narrow unimodal or wide unimodal. The wind direction variability belongs to high ratio in northwest region and middle region, but in southeast region, it belongs to intermediate. RDP is almost the same, and its value ranges in 281°-287.1°. (3)Dune field patterns conclude barchans dunes, reticulate dunes, compound dunes chain, mega dunes, longitudinal dunes and parabolic dunes etc. That fits well with wind regime in the Gonghe Basin.

Key words: Gonghe Basin, wind regime, sand drift potential, aeolian geomorphology

中图分类号:

P931.3

陈宗颜, 董治宝, 汪青春. 青海共和盆地风况及风沙地貌[J]. 中国沙漠, 2018, 38(3): 492-499.

Chen Zongyan, Dong Zhibao, Wang Qingchun. Wind Regime and Dune Field Patterns in the Gonghe Basin, Qinghai, China[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2018, 38(3): 492-499.

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