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中国沙漠 ›› 2021, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (5): 140-146.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2021.00051

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毛乌素沙地沙障环境下的沙丘迎风坡植被及土壤养分变化

石麟1(), 赵雨兴1, 哈斯额尔敦null2, 张萍3(), 许映军2, 王卓然2   

  1. 1.鄂尔多斯市林业和草原科学研究所,内蒙古 鄂尔多斯 017100
    2.北京师范大学 地理科学学部自然资源学院,北京 100875
    3.宁夏大学 农学院,宁夏 银川 751500
  • 收稿日期:2020-12-28 修回日期:2021-04-23 出版日期:2021-09-20 发布日期:2021-09-23
  • 通讯作者: 张萍
  • 作者简介:张萍(E-mail: zp2009@mail.bnu.edu.cn
    石麟(1982—),女,内蒙古乌兰察布人,硕士,林业副高级工程师,主要从事荒漠化防治、干旱区林业生态研究。E-mail: shilin_323@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划课题(2016YFC0500805);国家自然科学基金项目(42071015);青海省重点研发与转化计划项目(2019-HZ-814-1)

Changes of vegetation and soil nutrient on windward slope of dune under sand barrier environment in Mu Us Sandy Land

Lin Shi1(), Yuxing Zhao1, Eerdun Hasi2, Ping Zhang3(), Yingjun Xu2, Zhuoran Wang2   

  1. 1.Scientific Research Institute of Forestry and Grassland Desertification Control in Ordos City,Ordos 017100,Inner Mongolia,China
    2.School of Natural Resources,Faculty of Geographic Sciences,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China
    3.College of Agriculture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 751500,China
  • Received:2020-12-28 Revised:2021-04-23 Online:2021-09-20 Published:2021-09-23
  • Contact: Ping Zhang

摘要:

沙障在固定流沙、促进植被恢复和改良土壤等生态建设方面起着重要作用。对毛乌素沙地设置沙柳(Salix psammophila)沙障6、8、10、11、12年的沙丘迎风坡(裸露沙丘地作为对照)开展了植被调查和土壤养分测试分析。结果显示:设障8年后的沙丘迎风坡0—30 cm深度内的土壤有机质、全氮含量显著(P<0.05)高于流动沙丘,且设障10—11年沙丘迎风坡植被盖度、0—80 cm深度内土壤有机质和全氮含量达到最大,但全磷和全钾含量无明显的变化,所有样地间和3个深度层间的全磷、全钾含量均无显著性差异;植被总盖度、0—80 cm深度内土壤有机质含量及全氮含量相互之间存在极显著线性正相关关系(P<0.01),而且土壤pH值随有机质含量增加而线性降低。沙柳沙障固沙地的植被盖度、土壤有机质和全氮相互之间存在趋同性,且布设10年的沙障土壤改良和植被恢复成效达到最大,之后表现出下降趋势。据此建议活体沙柳沙障在维持其固沙功效的前提下以10年为限需进行平茬处理。

关键词: 毛乌素沙地, 沙柳(Salix psammophila)沙障, 流动沙丘, 土壤养分

Abstract:

Sand barrier plays an important role in the ecological construction such as sand fixation, vegetation restoration and soil improvement. Vegetation survey and soil nutrient test analysis were carried out on the sand dune windward slopes (with mobile dune as a comparison) for 6, 8, 10, 11 and 12 years of sand dune sand barrier in Mu US Sandy Land. The results showed that with the increase of the sand barrier setting age, the vegetation cover of the dune windward slope, as well as the value of soil organic matter, whole nitrogen content and pH values, changed significantly, but there was no significant change in total phosphorus total potassium. After setting the sand barrier for 8 years, the soil organic matter and total nitrogen content in the depth of 0-30 cm in the windward slope of the dunes were significantly higher (P<0.05) than that of mobile sand dune,and up to 10 to 11 years of sand barrier setting, the vegetation cover , the organic matter and total nitrogen content of all layers of soil in depth of 0-80 cm all reached a peak, after that, organic matter and total nitrogen tends to be stable or decrease slightly at a depth of 0-30 cm, and decrease significantly within a depth of 30-80 cm. There is a significant linear positive correlation between the total vegetation cover, soil organic matter content and whole nitrogen content in the sand barrier environment, and the soil pH values decrease linearly with the increase of organic matter content. The sand barrier of 10 years has the greatest effect on soil improvement and vegetation restoration, and then it shows a downward trend. It is suggested that the artificial vegetation should be regenerated after 10 years with sand barrier under the premise of maintaining its sand-fixing effect.

Key words: Mu Us Sandy Land, Salix psammophila sand barrier, sand dunes, soil nutrients

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