img

官方微信

高级检索

中国沙漠 ›› 2004, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (6): 663-673.

• 研究论文 •    下一篇

中国西部干旱区生态环境演变过程

潘晓玲1,2,3, 马映军3,4, 高炜2,3,5, 齐家国2,3,6, 师庆东1,2,3, 陆海燕1,2,3   

  1. 1. 新疆大学 资源与环境科学学院, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830046;
    2. 新疆绿洲生态重点实验室, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830046;
    3. 干旱半干旱区可持续发展国际研究中心, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830046;
    4. 新疆资源环境中心, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830000;
    5. 美国科罗拉多州立大学 自然资源生态实验室 80521, 美国;
    6. 美国密歇根州立大学 地理系/全球变化与地球观测中心 48823, 美国
  • 收稿日期:2003-12-23 修回日期:2004-01-15 出版日期:2004-12-20 发布日期:2004-12-20
  • 通讯作者: 陆海燕, E-mail:lulu3-405@163.com;Tel:0991-8183386/8582056
  • 作者简介:潘晓玲(1963-),女(汉族),广州韶关人,博士,教授,主要从事干旱区生态学研究。E-mail:xlpan@xju.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(G1999043503)资助

Eco-environmental Evolution in Arid Area of West China

PAN Xiao-ling1,2,3, MA Ying-jun3,4, GAO Wei2,3,5, QI Jia-guo2,3,6, SHI Qing-dong1,2,3, LU Hai-yan1,2,3   

  1. 1. College of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China;
    2. Key Laboratory of Desert Oasis Ecosystems, Urumqi 830046, China;
    3. International Center for Desert Affairs Research for Sustainable Development in Semi-arid and Arid Lands, Urumqi 830046, China;
    4. Center for Resources and Environmental Sciences, Urumqi, 830000, China;
    5. Natural Resources and Ecological Research Laboratory, Colorado State University, Colorado 80521, USA;
    6. Department of Geography, and Center for Global Change an d Earth Observations, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48823, USA
  • Received:2003-12-23 Revised:2004-01-15 Online:2004-12-20 Published:2004-12-20

摘要: 根据湖沼沉积、黄土沉积和冰积等地质记录, 运用地理信息系统、遥感、生态景观学等方法, 从万年、千年和百年及百年以下四个时间尺度对中国西部干旱区生态环境演变过程进行研究。结果表明, 全新世以来, 中国西部干旱区的气候变化经历了多次的相对暖干和相对冷湿交替变化, 变化历程较为复杂。早全新世、中全新世、晚全新世气候特点因地因时而异, 但总体特征以干旱化为主, 280~350a来, 降水量有明显的减少趋势, 并表现出显著的周期性。但在近半个世纪以来, 中国天山地区的气候变化特征表现为气温升高, 降水量增加。总的来说, 从20世纪80年代以来, 新疆的气候趋于好转, 植被覆盖状况改善明显, 山地森林、草甸、人工绿洲的面积均呈增加趋势。研究结果还表明, 在一定尺度的气候背景条件下, 地表的植被覆盖对调节绿洲区域气候有着积极的作用, 可增加局部地区的降水。

关键词: 中国西部, 干旱区, 时间尺度, 生态环境, 演变过程

Abstract: The eco-environmental evolution in arid area of West China were studied at 1 0000-year, 1000-year, 100-year and 10-year timescales, based on geological data of lacustrine, eolian and glacial deposits, and by using the methods of GIS, RS and landscape ecology etc. The results showed that the climate changing patterns had gone through several complex cycles of "warm and dry" and "cold and moist" periods. Although the climate pattern varied spatially and temporally during the earlier, the mid and the late Holocene period, there was an overall tendency of becoming drier. Over the past 280~350 years, the precipitation decreased significantly and periodically. Over the past half of a century, the climate pattern over Tianshan Mountains tended to increases in both temperature and total precipitation. From the 1980s to the end of this century, the regional climate in Xinjiang region seemed to become colder and moist, accompanied by increases in green vegetation cover, total areas of forests, grasslands, and oasis. The results also indicated that increases in vegetative cover tend to have positive impacts on regional climate increases in total precipitation over some geographic areas at different spatial and temporal scales.

Key words: arid area of West China, temporal scales, ecological environment, evolution processes

中图分类号: