乌兰布和沙漠的形成与环境变化

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在对乌兰布和沙漠进行野外考察的基础上，通过地貌学、沉积学和年代学的研究，为恢复该地区全新世以来沙漠的形成与演化找到了新的证据。乌兰布和沙漠西南部的吉兰泰盐湖周围及沙漠南部丘间低地湖相地层下部风成砂的系统OSL测年结果表明，乌兰布和沙漠的形成年代约在7 ka BP前后。此外，该沙漠腹地众多的干盐湖，大量含有蓝蚬的湖岸堤，以及丘间低地中的湖相地层和植物根系等的存在，证明了沙漠腹地大古湖的存在。乌兰布和沙漠的形成，可以归因于吉兰泰古湖面积的不断缩小和干涸，湖泊周围松散沉积物的风蚀、搬运及选择性堆积过程。

关键词: 乌兰布和沙漠, 古湖演化, 环境变迁, 风成沉积

Abstract: Extensive investigation and studies on topography, sedimentary and chronology show new evidences for formation and evolution of Ulan Buh desert during early Holocene.Proved by evidences on clay-sand strata and plant roots under inter-dune lowlands, lake shorelines covered by plenty of Corbicula largillierti, and large amounts of dry salt lakes in the central region of Ulan Buh desert, many megalakes ever existed in the hinterland of Ulan Buh desert. Several OSL samples collected from aeolian sands overlying lacustrine sediments in profiles around Jrentai salt lake and inter-dune lowlands in the southern Ulan Buh desert suggest that the desert began around 7 ka BP. The formation of Ulan Buh desert may be resulted from the shrinking of Jrentai megalake and sands blew from exposed loose sediments.

Key words: Ulan Buh desert, palaeolake evolution, environmental evolution, aeolian deposition

中图分类号:

P532

春喜;陈发虎;范育新;夏敦胜;赵辉 . 乌兰布和沙漠的形成与环境变化[J]. 中国沙漠, 2007, 27(6): 927-931.

CHUN Xi;CHEN Fa-hu;FAN Yu-xin;XIA Dun-sheng;ZHAO Hui. Formation of Ulan Buh Desert and Its Environmental Evolution[J]. JOURNAL OF DESERT RESEARCH, 2007, 27(6): 927-931.

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