北京市农田风蚀的野外观测研究

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对半湿润区农田风蚀较弱的特点,采用集沙仪加风速廓线仪和插杆黏捕加电镜分析两种手段对北京市农田的风蚀特征进行了野外观测。结果表明,3类主要风蚀农田中,耙平翻耕地风蚀强度最大,玉米留茬地次之,不耙平翻耕地最弱。随着风速增大,各类农田地表的风蚀强度均呈增加的趋势,并且都表现出较好的指数规律性。风蚀物含量垂向分布遵循幂函数递减规律,风蚀物最大粒径和平均粒径垂向分布亦遵循幂函数和指数函数递减规律,风蚀物粒度组成以粒径小于100 μm的悬移质为主。因此,本研究所得结果反映的是一种以悬移质为主的风沙流结构特征,而这可能是半湿润区最常态的一种的农田风蚀状况。

关键词: 风蚀, 农田, 野外观测, 北京

Abstract: In view of relatively weak wind-erosion in semi-humid region, a new-style sand sampler and sand trapping device were used in the field observation of farmland wind-erosion in Beijing. The results showed that among three kinds of farmlands, wind-erosion of ploughed and harrowed farmland was the most serious, that of ploughed and non-harrowed farmland is the weakest and that of stubble-keeping farmland lied between them. With the wind speed increasing, wind-erosion intensity of the three types of farmlands presented a increasing trend showing significantly exponential regularity. Vertical distribution of wind-erosion sediment followed the decreasing law of power function. Vertical distribution of the largest and average particle diameters also followed the decreasing law of power and index functions, respectively. The results also showed that diameters of most wind-erosion particles were smaller than 100 μm. Therefore it can be concluded that wind-blown sand structure in the study area was mainly characterized by suspension, which may be a normal state of farmland wind-erosion in semi-humid region.

Key words: wind-erosion, farmland, field observation, Beijing

中图分类号:

S157

王仁德;;邹学勇; 赵婧妍;. 北京市农田风蚀的野外观测研究[J]. 中国沙漠, 2011, 31(2): 400-406.

WANG Ren-de;;ZOU Xue-yong;ZHAO Jing-yan;. Field Observation of Farmland Wind-erosion around Beijing[J]. JOURNAL OF DESERT RESEARCH, 2011, 31(2): 400-406.

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