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中国沙漠 ›› 2011, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (3): 626-631.

• 国家重点基础研究发展规划 • 上一篇    下一篇

坡面地表下的风场的风洞实验与数值模拟

蒋 红, 佟 鼎, 黄 宁*   

  1. 兰州大学 西部灾害与环境力学教育部重点实验室, 甘肃 兰州 730000
  • 收稿日期:2010-12-12 修回日期:2011-01-27 出版日期:2011-05-20 发布日期:2011-05-20

Numerical Simulation and Wind Tunnel Experiment of Wind Field over Slope Surface

JIANG Hong, TONG Ding, HUANG Ning   

  1. Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Mechanics on Western Disaster and Environment, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
  • Received:2010-12-12 Revised:2011-01-27 Online:2011-05-20 Published:2011-05-20

摘要: 针对传统近地层风沙流的理论与数值模拟研究以及风洞实验大多是基于理想条件(平坦床面、定常风速),而实际风沙运动通常发生在复杂环境下(如复杂地形、湍流结构风场等),沙漠最基本的地貌形态如沙丘、沙波纹等迎风面坡度对颗粒起动和输沙率影响很大。基于此,应用相位多普勒粒子分析仪(PDPA)对坡面近地表风场进行测量,得到迎风坡及背风坡的风场特性,并且采用SIMPLE算法对坡面风场进行了数值模拟。通过对数值模拟及风洞实验结果进行对比分析后,发现数值模型不仅能够有效地模拟风洞实验中坡面地表的风场特性,而且能够较为直观全面的展现迎风坡面、特别是背风坡面的风场结构特性。

关键词: 风场, 坡面, 数值模拟, 风洞实验, PDPA

Abstract: Current theoretical studies and numerical simulations of windblown sand movement concentrate on ideal circumstances, such as steady wind velocity, flat sand surface, etc. However, the environment of windblown sand movement is complex in natural environments, such as complex landform, turbulence structure of wind flow. Actually the gradient of the windward slope of the sand dune and the sand ripple etc. which are the basic form of the desert landscape, have great influence on the initiation and transportation of sand particles. In this paper, wind tunnel experiments are carried out and the wind velocity over slope surface is measured by using the Phase Doppler Particle Analyzer technique and the characteristics of wind flow at the windward slope and at the leeward slope are analyzed. Then the SIMPLE algorithm is applied to calculate the wind flow over the slope, and the numerical simulation results are compared with the experiment results. The results show that the numerical model can not only simulate the wind flow characteristics of the slope surface effectively, but also displays the wind field structures of windward slope and leeward slope intuitively and comprehensively.

Key words: wind field, slope surface, numerical simulation, wind tunnel experiment, PDPA

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