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中国沙漠 ›› 2011, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (5): 1181-1188.

• 生物土壤与生态 • 上一篇    下一篇

科尔沁沙地松树山地区苔藓植物物种多样性与分布特征分析

田桂泉1, 王子文2   

  1. 1.内蒙古师范大学 生命科学与技术学院, 内蒙古 呼和浩特 010022; 2.内蒙古自治区翁牛特旗松树山林场, 内蒙古 翁牛特旗 024500
  • 收稿日期:2010-12-02 修回日期:2010-12-22 出版日期:2011-09-20 发布日期:2011-09-20

Species Diversity and Distribution of Bryophytes in Songshushan Region of Horqin Sandy Land

TIAN Gui-quan1, WANG Zi-wen2   

  1. 1.College of Life Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot 010022, China; 2.Songshushan Forestry Centre of Wengniute Banner, Wengniute Banner 024500, Inner Mongolia, China
  • Received:2010-12-02 Revised:2010-12-22 Online:2011-09-20 Published:2011-09-20

摘要: 通过标本采集和群落调查,探明科尔沁沙地松树山地区有苔藓植物76种(包括变种和亚种),可归为苔类(9种)和藓类(67种)两个大的类群,隶属于21科、41属;可划分为7种区系地理成分,以北温带成分、世界广布种和东亚成分为主要区系成分, 分别有48种、12种和8种。石缝土层、岩面、树干小生境苔藓植物群落丰富,少数物种局限分布在一种小生境中,多数物种同时分布在两种以上小生境中。维管植物群落共有地面生苔藓植物39种,优势种有双色真藓(Bryum dichotomum)、土生对齿藓(Didymodon vinealis)、小疣冠苔(Mannia triandra)、西伯利亚疣冠苔(Mannia sibirica)、褶叶青藓(Brachythecium salebrosum)。随着水分条件改善,地面苔藓植物群落优势种构成发生有规律地变化,顶蒴藓类→顶蒴藓类+叶状体苔类→叶状体苔类+顶蒴藓类→侧蒴藓类+叶状体苔类+顶蒴藓类。认识群落随水分条件变化的特征对从更大尺度上认识苔藓植物结皮层形成和维持有重要参考价值。

关键词: 苔藓植物, 物种组成, 分布, 科尔沁沙地

Abstract: Based on quadrat and community investigation in 2006 and 2008, 76 species (including subspecies and varieties) of bryophytes were discovered in Songshushan region in Horqin Sandy Land, which can be classified into 2 taxonomical groups, namely liverwort (9 species) and mosses (67 species). These species are attached to 21 families and 41 genera, and can be categorized into 7 flora types, the majority of which are attached to North Temperate flora (48 species), Cosmopolitan flora (12 species), and East Asia flora (8 species). Many bryophyte species are distributed in the microhabitat such as stone crack soil, rock surface and trunk, among which most bryophyte species adapt to two or more than two kinds of microhabitat, only few to one kind of microhabitat. Thirty-nine species of the epigaeous bryophytes are discovered in different vascular plant community, among which Bryum bicolor, Didymodon vinealis, Mannia triandra, M. sibirica and Brachythecium salebrosum keep their dominant position in bryophytes community. With the increase of the soil moisture content, the composition of dominant bryophytes species change correspondingly in the following order: Acrocarpi-muscorum→Acrocarpi-muscorum+Thallus Liverworts→Thallus Liverworts+Acrocarpi-muscorum→Pleurocarpi-muscorum+Thallus Liverworts+Acrocarpri-muscorum. The distribution pattern of epigaeous bryophytes community provide important information for understanding the formation and maintenance of bryophytes crusts at a large spatial scale.

Key words: bryophytes, species composition, distribution, Horqin Sandy Land

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