两种典型高等级公路路基断面风沙过程的风洞模拟

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2018.00046

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 高等级公路路基中央构筑物不同，对路基断面风沙输移-堆积过程产生的影响不同。选取两种典型高等级公路路基，对其风沙输移-堆积过程进行了风洞模拟试验。结果表明：当路基模型高度为4 cm（路基模型与实际路基比例为1∶100）时，随着风速增大，防眩板路基背风侧积沙范围增大较为明显；在相同风速条件下，防眩网路基两侧积沙范围较大，对应的工程防护范围也应较大。当路基模型高度为8 cm时，防眩网路基路面积沙较多，背风侧积沙范围较大。路基越高，相应的工程防护范围应设置的较大一些，并加强对路基迎风坡的维护。建议在两种高等级路基背风侧5H（H为路基高度）以外范围增设风沙防护设施，尤其是防眩网路基，防止沙粒堆积被反向气流携带上路，影响交通安全。防眩板路基背风坡沙物质积累较多，为了防止背风坡积沙变成二次沙源危害道路行车安全，防眩板路基背风侧也需重点防护。在主风向单一的沙漠地区，高等级公路路基中央隔离带的防眩设施宜选择防眩板。

关键词: 高等级公路路基, 风洞模拟, 防眩网, 防眩板, 流场, 风速廓线

Abstract: The difference of central structure of high-grade highway will affect the process of aeolian sand transport-accumulation in the subgrade cross section in different degrees. When the height of the subgrade is 4 cm (the ratio of subgrade model to actual subgrade is 1:100), the increasing trend of leeward side sand accumulation range of anti-glare board subgrade is more pronounced with the increasing wind speed. Under the same wind speed, the range of sand accumulation on both sides of anti-glare subgrade is larger, and the corresponding scope of the engineering protection should be increased accordingly. When the subgrade height is 8 cm, the anti-glare net subgrade has a large amount of sand accumulated on the road surface and a large area covered by sand on the leeward side, therefore, the corresponding protection range should be also relatively large in actual engineering maintenance. The higher the subgrade is, the larger the corresponding scope of the engineering protection should be, and it is necessary to strengthen the maintenance of the windward slope, especially the anti-glare board subgrade. In addition, more sand control facilities should be provided beyond the range of 5H (H represents the height of highway) on the leeward side of the two high-grade subgrade, especially anti-glare subgrade, this purpose is to prevent the sand accumulated on road surface from being carried away by the reverse air flow and affecting the traffic safety. There is more sediment material accumulation on the anti-glare board subgrade leeward slope. So in order to prevent the second sand hazard endangering the safety of the highway vehicles, the leeward side of the anti-glare board subgrade also need to be focused on protection. Finally, the anti-glare board facilities should be used for the central structure of high-grade highway in the desert areas with single main wind direction.

Key words: high-grade highway subgrade, wind tunnel simulation, anti-glare net, anti-glare board, flow field, wind speed profile

中图分类号:

X169

鱼燕萍, 肖建华, 屈建军, 李芳, 李万强, 潘多明, 吴青瑞, 洪雪峰, 田永祯. 两种典型高等级公路路基断面风沙过程的风洞模拟[J]. 中国沙漠, 2019, 39(1): 68-79.

Yu Yanping, Xiao Jianhua, Qu Jianjun, Li Fang, Li Wanqiang, Pan Duoming, Wu Qingrui, Hong Xuefeng, Tian Yongzhen. Wind Tunnel Simulation of Aeolian Sand Process in Subgrade Section of Two Typical High-Grade Highway[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2019, 39(1): 68-79.

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