祁连山青海云杉（ Picea crassifolia ）径向变化对环境因子的响应

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2025.00314

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

全球变化背景下，干旱对生态系统的影响日益突出，而树木径向生长对气候变化的响应仍存在诸多不确定性，限制了对树木生长过程的深入理解。本研究通过连续监测祁连山青海云杉（Picea crassifolia）径向变化，探究了干旱后不同海拔树木径向变化特征及驱动机制。结果显示：分布在海拔2 700 m的青海云杉径向生长开始时间比海拔3 200 m处早10 d左右，最大生长速率出现时间在夏至前后。青海云杉日尺度上的径向变化可以分为收缩阶段、恢复阶段和生长阶段，分布在海拔3 200 m的青海云杉因干旱出现恢复阶段频次较多，但恢复速率却低于海拔2 700 m处。模型模拟结果显示，青海云杉径向变化在恢复阶段对降水和土壤水分含量敏感，而生长阶段则对平均气温敏感，展现了显著的海拔环境响应差异。

关键词: 祁连山, 青海云杉（Picea crassifolia）, 径向变化, 恢复和生长, 环境敏感性

Abstract:

Intensifying drought driven by global climate change threatens terrestrial ecosystems， yet the mechanisms underlying the responses of stem radial changes remain poorly understood. In this study， we continuously monitored the radial changes of Picea crassifolia in the Qilian Mountains to investigate their characteristics and driving mechanisms following drought across different altitudes. The results showed that the onset of radial growth at 2 700 m occurred approximately 10 days earlier than at 3 200 m， and the maximum growth rate appeared around the summer solstice. Daily radial fluctuations of Picea crassifolia were clearly divided into three stages： contraction， recovery， and growth. Trees at 3 200 m experienced more frequent recovery phases under drought conditions； however， their recovery rate was lower than that at 2 700 m. Model simulations further revealed that stem radial changes were highly sensitive to precipitation and soil water content during the recovery phase， whereas during the growth phase they were mainly regulated by mean air temperature， demonstrating distinct altitude-dependent environmental responses. Overall， this study enhances our understanding of drought responses in the stem radial changes of Picea crassifolia and provides a theoretical basis for developing climate change adaptation strategies in arid mountain forests.

Key words: Qilian Mountains, Picea crassifolia, stem radial changes, recovery and growth, environmental sensitivity

中图分类号:

赵书玄, 田全彦, 蔺鹏飞, 杜军, 陈龙飞, 朱喜, 肖生春, 何志斌. 祁连山青海云杉（ Picea crassifolia ）径向变化对环境因子的响应[J]. 中国沙漠, 2026, 46(1): 140-150.

Shuxuan Zhao, Quanyan Tian, Pengfei Lin, Jun Du, Longfei Chen, Xi Zhu, Shengchun Xiao, Zhibin He. Stem radial changes of Picea crassifolia in response to environmental factors in the Qilian Mountains[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2026, 46(1): 140-150.

图/表 9

图1 研究区概况

Fig.1 Map of the study area

表1 样树基本信息

Table 1 Information of sample trees

海拔/m	编号	高度/m	胸径/cm	树龄/a
2 700	1	11.0	18.6	95
	2	13.0	25.0	104
	3	19.0	44.0	133
	4	17.0	33.0	117
3 200	1	18.0	26.1	95
	2	15.0	22.9	86
	3	13.0	22.7	86
	4	15.0	29.0	104

图2 青海云杉径向变化三阶段划分示意图

Fig.2 Three stages of stem radial changes of Picea crassifolia

图3 海拔2 700 m及3 200 m样地环境因子变化特征

Fig.3 Characteristics of environmental factors in 2 700 m and 3 200 m sample plots

图4 海拔2 700 m和3 200 m处青海云杉在2014—2020年生长季径向变化过程

Fig.4 Stem radial changes of Picea crassifolia at 2 700 m and 3 200 m during the growing season from 2014 to 2020

图5 海拔2 700 m和3 200 m处青海云杉2014—2020年生长季径向变化起止时间及最大生长速率时间分布注：左侧误差棒表示生长开始时间；中间误差棒表示最大生长速率时间；右侧误差棒表示生长结束时间

Fig.5 T iming of the onset， cessation， and maximum growth rate of Picea crassifolia at 2 700 m and 3 200 m during the growing seasons from 2014 to 2020

图6 海拔2 700 m及3 200 m处青海云杉恢复与生长阶段事件特征

Fig.6 Recovery and growth event characteristics of Picea crassifolia at 2 700 m and 3 200 m

图7 线性混合效应模型模拟结果

Fig.7 The results of linear mixed-effect model

图8 2 700 m及3 200 m处青海云杉径向变化速率对环境因子的敏感性

Fig.8 Sensitivity of radial change slope of 2 700 m and 3 200 m Picea crassifolia to environmental factors

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