环青海湖地区湿地变化初步研究

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以遥感、地理信息系统和全球定位系统为主，应用空间对地观测的技术资源和数据资源，结合地面考察资料和已有的研究成果，对环青海湖地区的湿地类型和面积变化进行研究，结果发现：研究区内的湿地分为天然湿地和人工湿地两大类，其中天然湿地分为沼泽、河流、湖泊。天然湿地的面积在13 a内出现了不同程度的变化，其中沼泽面积有所扩大，而河流、湖泊面积缩小。造成这种变化的主要原因是气候暖干化和人类活动的共同影响。

关键词: 湿地, 变化, 环青海湖

Abstract: Supported by remote sensing, geographical information system and global positioning system, and by the technology of observing to the ground on space and using the data, and combining with the ground inspection material and the former research results, this article studied the change of the wetland type and the area in Qinghai Lake region. The results indicated that the wetland in the research area could be divided into two kinds: the natural wetland and the artificial wetland, and the former could be divided into the marsh, the river, the lake. The area of the natural wetland appeared various degree changes in 13 years: the area of the marsh expanded, but that of the river and the lake reduced. The main reason that resulted in the above was the influence of climate warming and drying, and the humanity activities.

Key words: wetland, change, around Qinghai Lake

中图分类号:

X171.1

李凤霞;建设;安红;吴素霞;西德. 环青海湖地区湿地变化初步研究[J]. 中国沙漠, 2007, 27(6): 1018-1021.

LI Feng-xia;XIAO Jian-she;GUO An-hong;WU Su-xia;ZHU Xi-de. Preliminary Study on Change of Wetland around Qinhai Lake[J]. JOURNAL OF DESERT RESEARCH, 2007, 27(6): 1018-1021.

参考文献

[1]国家林业局《湿地公约》履约办公室.湿地公约指南［M］.北京：中国林业出版社，2001：1-15.
[2]Allan Crowe.Quebec 2000: Millennium Wetland Event Program with Abstracts［C］.Quebec, Canada:Elizabeth MacKay,2000:1-256.
[3]Keddy P A.Wetland Ecology-Principles and Conservation［M］.Cambridge University Press,2000:1-146.
[4]McComb A J,Davis J A.Wetlands for the future[C].Proceedings of INTECOL′S V International Wetlands Conference.Gleneagles Publishing,1998.
[5]Kusler J A,Kentula M E. Wetland Creation and Restoration——the State of the Science[C].Island Press,1995:8-264.
[6]Mitsch W J,Gosselink J G.Wetlands[M].Van Nostrand Reinhold Company Inc.,2000:1-43,356-430.
[7]杨永兴,何太蓉,王世岩.三江平原湿地生态系统P、K分布特征及季节动态研究［J］.应用生态学报,2001,12(4):522-526.
[8]何池全, 赵魁义.湿地生态过程研究进展[J].地球科学进展,2000,15(2):165-171.
[9]Kadlee R H,Knight R L.Treatment Wetloands[M].Lewis Publishers,1996:1-124.
[10]杨永兴.国际湿地科学研究的主要特点、进展与展望[J].地球科学进展,2002,21(2):111-118.
[11]GACGC.The accounting of biological sinks and sources under the Kyoto Protocal:A step forwards or backwards for Global Environmental Protection?[R].German Advisory Council on Global Change,Special Report,Bremerhaven,1998:75.
[12]Sader S A.Accuracy of Landsat-TM and GIS rule-based methods for forest wetlands classification in Maine[J].Remote Sensing Environment,1995,3:133-144.
[13]Paterson J.Wetlands and climate change:Feasible investigation of given credit for conserving wetlands as carbon sinks[R].Wetlands International Special Publication,1999:35.
[14]郑杰,蔡平.青海省湿地类型保护区现状与发展对策[J].青海环境,2003,13（1）43-46.
[15]唐小平,黄桂林.中国湿地分类系统的研究[J].林业科学研究,2003,16（5）：531-539.
[16]李万寿,冯玲.龙羊峡水库泥沙淤积量估算[J].西北水电,2001（4）：3-4.
[17]王丽学，李学森.湿地保护的意义及我国湿地退化的原因与对策[J].水土保持学报,2003，17（7）：8-9.
[18]赵魁义.西藏沼泽的初步研究[J].自然资源,1981（2）：242-250.
[19]潘响亮,邓伟.东北地区湿地的水文景观分类及其对气候变化的脆弱性[J].环境科学研究,2003,16（1）：14-18.
[20]李森,朱西德,王振宇,等.近42 a来青海湖水位变化的影响因子及其趋势预测[J].中国沙漠,2005,25(5):689-696.
[21]Lettenmaier D P,Wood A W,Palmer R N,et al.Water resources implications of global warming:A U.S.regional perspective[J].Climatic Change,1999,43(3):537-579.
[22]Wood A W,Lettenmaier D P,Stakhiv E Z. Assessing climate change implications for water resources planning[J].Climatic Change,1997,37:203-228.
[23]李森,董玉祥,董光荣,等.青藏高原土地沙漠化区划［J］.中国沙漠，2001，21(4)：418-425.
[24]董光荣,高尚玉,金炯,等.青海共和盆地土地沙漠化与防治途径[M].北京:科学出版社,1993:40-58.
[25]李凤霞,徐维新.青海省共和县及龙羊峡库区生态环境遥感调查报告[J].应用气象学报,2003,14（5）：568-573.
[26]李凤霞,唐红.青海省龙羊峡库区沙漠化遥感监测[J].中国沙漠,2003,23（6）：686-690.
[27]Gorham E. Human influences on the health of northern peatlands[C]∥Transactions of the Royal Society of Canada, 1991(2):199-208.
[28]Kadlee R H,Knight R L.Treatment Wetloands[M].Lewis Publishers,1996:1-124.
[29]沙占江,马海州,李玲琴,等.共和盆地龙羊峡库区1987—1999年间土地覆被变化过程[J].中国沙漠,2005,25（1）:20-26.
[30]青海省农业资源区划办公室.青海省农业资源动态分析[M].西宁：青海人民出版社，1998:205-221.
[31]赵魁义.青藏高原沼泽合理利用与生态环境保育[J].湿地科学,2003,1（2）：92-97.