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中国沙漠 ›› 2004, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (4): 385-391.

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

黑河流量对祁连山气候年代际变化的响应

李栋梁1, 刘洪兰2   

  1. 1. 中国科学院 寒区旱区环境与工程研究所, 甘肃 兰州 730000;
    2. 张掖市气象局, 甘肃 张掖 734000
  • 收稿日期:2003-10-03 修回日期:2004-03-11 出版日期:2004-08-20 发布日期:2004-08-20
  • 作者简介:李栋梁(1957-),男(汉),甘肃通渭人,研究员,博士生导师,主要从事气候变化和预测、环境动力学等的研究。E-mail:lidl@ns.lzb.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金重点项目"绿洲系统能量与水分循环过程观测与数值研究"(40233035); 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所知识创新工程项目"黑河流量的气候特征影响因子及最佳调水方案的研究"(210082); 中国科学院知识创新工程重大项目"中国西部生态环境演变规律与水土资源可持续利用研究"(KZCX1-10-06)的共同资助

Responding of Heihe River Runoff to Decadal Climate Change in Qilian Mountain Area

LI Dong-liang1, LIU Hong-lan2   

  1. 1. Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China;
    2. Zhangye Meteorological Bureau, Zhangye 734000, Gansu Province, China
  • Received:2003-10-03 Revised:2004-03-11 Online:2004-08-20 Published:2004-08-20

摘要: 利用祁连山区8个气象站自建站至2003年观测的月降水、气温资料, 在分析各站气候要素互相关的基础上, 建立了代表祁连山整体气候变化的1944-2003年历年各月、季降水距平百分率和气温距平序列, 以及黑河上游莺落峡水文站观测的径流量, 分析了黑河流量与祁连山区降水、气温的年代际变化。结果表明: 祁连山气候演变存在非常明显的年际和年代际变化。自1970年代以来, 除夏季降水量呈上升趋势外, 秋、冬、春三季均表现出明显的变干, 尤其是秋、冬两季。本世纪初降水量又有增加趋势。比较过去60a气温变化, 1940年代最暖, 1960年代最冷。自1980年代以来, 祁连山区气候明显变暖, 各季气温显著升高, 尤以冬季升温最快, 目前已超过1940年代的暖期。1980年代的流量是过去60a中最大的10a, 1990年代有所减小。1990年代后期流量明显增加, 目前除春季外, 夏、秋、冬季已转入上升趋势。

关键词: 祁连山, 黑河流量, 气候变化

Abstract: The decadal variety of Heihe river runoff and Qilian mountain climate from 1944 to 2003 have been analyzed by using Yingluoxia hydrology station runoff data at upper Heihe river and by using the standardized monthly precipitation and air temperature sequences observed at 8 weather stations situated between(2 240)~(3 361) m altitude in Qilian mountain area. The runoff of 1980's is the biggest in past 60 years, that of(1990's) relatively decreased, but primarily decreased in summer to autumn, and runoff in winter to spring still kept high. The climate evolution in Qilian Mountain existed very clear seasonal change, annual change and decadal change. Since 1970's, precipitation in autumn, winter and spring showed obvious change to drought, particularly in autumn and winter, while that in summer showed upping trend. Since 1980's, the climate obviously changed warming in Qilian mountain area, air temperature in each season remarkably in creasing and Qilian Mountain s snow line raising. The synthesized analysis showed that the increasing of Heihe river's runoff was expressed by two aspects: one is the summer precipitation increasing, the other is winter climate obviously warming.

Key words: Qilian Mountain, Heihe river runoff, climate change

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