石羊河下游农户的土地利用行为及效率

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2015.00064

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 农户的土地利用行为不仅决定着土地资源能否可持续利用,更影响着农村生态环境质量。本文以石羊河下游484户农户的问卷调查为基础,采用多独立样本和数据包络分析(DEA)法分析不同区域和不同类型农户土地利用行为的差异性和土地利用效率及影响因素。结果表明:(1)越向石羊河尾闾,粮食作物的种植比例越小,而经济作物种植比例越大;(2)坝区种植多样化指数最高,湖区农户土地的投入和产出最高,坝区与湖区土地利用的综合技术效率和规模效率均高于泉山区;(3)随着非农化水平的提高,农兼户的种植多样化指数最高,纯农户、农兼户和兼农户的土地投入与产出、综合技术效率、规模效率依次降低;(4)家庭规模、户主年龄、非农业收入与土地利用效率呈显著负相关性,劳动力受教育水平、农业总投入、农业收入与土地利用效率呈显著正相关性。最后,提出改善石羊河下游农户的土地利用行为、提高土地利用效率的对策建议。

关键词: 石羊河, 农户, 土地利用行为, 土地利用效率, 数据包络分析(DEA)

Abstract: The farmer's land use behavior not only decides whether the resource can sustainable utilization, but also affects the quality of the rural ecological environment. This paper is based on a questionnaire survey of 484 households in the lower reaches of the Shiyanghe River, adopt multiple independent samples to inspect and analyze test the differences of behavior which peasant household utilize land, take advantage of data envelopment analysis(DEA) method for the analysis of the land use behavior and efficiency of different regions and different-type households, and the factors that affect the efficiency of land use. The results show:(1)Toward the Shiyanghe River tail, economic crop proportion is smaller, while planting area of grain crop is bigger, the plant diversity index is the smaller.(2)The plant diversity index is the highest in reservoir region. The whole input and output are the highest in lake region, the comprehensive technical efficiency and scale efficiency of land use in dike region and lake region were higher than in transitional region.(3)With the improvement of non-agriculturalization level, The plant diversity index is the highest in multiple occupations farmers, The whole input and output, the comprehensive technical efficiency and scale efficiency of land use are decline sequentially for pure farmers, multiple occupations farmers and part-time farmers.(4)The family size, head of the household age, non-agricultural income and land use efficiency is negative correlation, labor force level of education, agricultural total, agricultural income and land use efficiency is positively correlated. Lastly, based on the above research results, this paper put forward countermeasures and suggestions on land resources utilization efficiency of lower reaches of the Shiyanghe River.

Key words: Shiyanghe River, farmers, land use behavior, land use efficiency, data envelopment analysis

中图分类号:

F321.1

张丽琼, 赵雪雁, 郭芳, 李文美. 石羊河下游农户的土地利用行为及效率[J]. 中国沙漠, 2015, 35(6): 1715-1722.

Zhang Liqiong, Zhao Xueyan, Guo Fang, Li Wenmei. The Farmer's Land Use Behavior and Efficiency in the Shiyanghe River Basin, China[J]. JOURNAL OF DESERT RESEARCH, 2015, 35(6): 1715-1722.

参考文献

[1] Feola G,Binder C R,Towards an improved understanding of farmers' behavior:the integrative agent-centered(IAC) framework[J].Ecological Economics,2010,69:2323-2333.
[2] 刘彦随,李裕瑞.中国县域耕地与农业劳动力变化的时空耦合关系[J].地理学报,2012,65(12):1602-1612.
[3] 钟太洋,黄贤金.农户层面土地利用变化研究综述[J].自然资源学报,2007,22(3):341-352.
[4] 陈海,梁小英,王国义,等.基于过程的农户土地利用行为模型的设计与模拟研究[J].自然资源学报,2014,29(6):1076-1089.
[5] 冯艳芬.农户土地利用行为研究综述[J].生态经济,2013,11:63-67.
[6] 阎建忠,卓仁贵,谢德体,等.不同生计类型农户的土地利用——三峡库区典型村的实证研究[J].地理研究,2010,65(11):1401-1410.
[7] 陈海,郗静,梁小英,等.农户土地利用行为对退耕还林政策的响应模拟——以陕西省米脂县高渠乡为例[J].地理科学进展,2013,32(8):1246-1256.
[8] 陈翔舜,高斌斌,王小军,等.甘肃省民勤县土地现状及动态[J].中国沙漠,2014,34(4):970-974.
[9] 唐嘉琪,石培基.民勤土地利用格局时空变化研究[J].中国沙漠,2013,33(3):928-936.
[10] 常兆丰,韩福贵,仲生年,等.石羊河下游沙漠化的自然因素和人文因素及其位移[J].干旱区地理,2005,28(2):150-155.
[11] 李博,石培基,金淑婷.石羊河流域植被生态系统生态风险评价研究[J].水土保持通报,2013,33(1):201-205.
[12] Xu Z M,Cheng G D.Impact of population and affluence on environment in China[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2005,7(5):767-773.
[13] 李翠珍,徐建春,孔祥斌.大都市郊区农户生计多样化及对土地利用的影响——以北京市大兴区为例[J].地理研究,2012,31(6):1039-1049.
[14] 赵雪雁.不同生计方式农户的环境影响——以甘南高原为例[J].地理科学,2013,33(5):545-552.
[15] Kgksal C,Aksu A.An Efficiency evaluation of A-group travel agencies with data envelopment analysis(DEA):a case study in the Antalya region,Turkey[J].Tourism Management,2007,28(3):830-834.
[16] 邓洪波,陆林.基于DEA模型的安徽省城市旅游效率研究[J].自然资源学报,2014,29(2):313-323.
[17] 李明艳,陈利根,马贤磊.不同兼业水平农户土地利用行为研究——以江西省为例[J].江西农业学报,2009,21(1):185-188.
[18] 刘洪彬,王秋兵,边振兴,等.农户土地利用行为特征及影响因素研究——基于沈阳市苏家屯区238户农户的调查研究[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2012,22(10):111-117.
[19] 刘洪彬,于国锋,王秋兵,等.大城市郊区不同区域农户土地利用行为差异及其空间分布特征——以沈阳市苏家屯区238户农户调查为例[J].资源科学,2013,34(5):879-888.
[20] 欧阳进良,宋春梅,宇振荣,等.黄淮海平原农区不同类型农户的土地利用方式选择及其环境影响[J].自然资源学报,2004,19(1):1-11.
[21] 梁流涛,曲福田,诸培新,等.不同兼业类型农户的土地利用行为和效率分析——基于经济发达地区的实证研究[J].资源科学,2008,30(10):1525-1532.
[22] 李杰,李宗礼,黄高宝,等.基于节水型生态系统的干旱区草地建设对策——以民勤绿洲为例[J].中国沙漠,2013,33(1):308-311.